tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-84888866275219929572024-02-19T05:39:19.648-08:00TravelSafe Clinic - Travel Health, Yellow Fever Disease & Vaccination.TRAVELSAFE CLINICS - All about Travel Health, Yellow Fever disease & Vaccination.
We are NOT authorized by Govt of India for Yellow Fever Vaccination.Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.comBlogger455125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-87040310673516047722019-06-14T22:29:00.000-07:002019-06-14T22:29:00.232-07:00Uganda Confirms Yellow Fever Outbreak in 2019<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
May 29th, 2019 – The African country of Uganda reported various disease outbreaks in 2017 and 2018, and according to new information from the Ugandan Ministry of Health, the yellow fever virus has become endemic. </div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
Uganda notified the World Health Organization (WHO) that they have declared a yellow fever outbreak on May 6, 2019, following laboratory confirmations from the Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI). </div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
Following that declaration, various yellow fever outbreaks were confirmed in the Northern and Central regions of Uganda, on May 14, 2019. </div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
To better understand this outbreak, a national rapid response team was constituted and dispatched to the affected Uganda districts to conduct further investigations to support the response activities. </div>
<section class="block block-block inhouse-block clearfix" id="block-block-28" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 22px; user-select: auto !important;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
<em style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">Sponsored Links:</em></div>
<div class="inhouse-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
<a class="inhouse-button inhouse-button-1" href="https://www.vaxbeforetravel.com/discounts" style="background: rgb(119, 214, 84); border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; display: inline-block; float: left; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Segoe UI", sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 7.26563px; margin-right: 5.09375px; padding: 8px 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important; width: 175.438px;" target="_blank"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-inline--fa fa-dollar-sign fa-w-9" data-fa-i2svg="" data-icon="dollar-sign" data-prefix="fas" role="img" viewbox="0 0 288 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M209.2 233.4l-108-31.6C88.7 198.2 80 186.5 80 173.5c0-16.3 13.2-29.5 29.5-29.5h66.3c12.2 0 24.2 3.7 34.2 10.5 6.1 4.1 14.3 3.1 19.5-2l34.8-34c7.1-6.9 6.1-18.4-1.8-24.5C238 74.8 207.4 64.1 176 64V16c0-8.8-7.2-16-16-16h-32c-8.8 0-16 7.2-16 16v48h-2.5C45.8 64-5.4 118.7.5 183.6c4.2 46.1 39.4 83.6 83.8 96.6l102.5 30c12.5 3.7 21.2 15.3 21.2 28.3 0 16.3-13.2 29.5-29.5 29.5h-66.3C100 368 88 364.3 78 357.5c-6.1-4.1-14.3-3.1-19.5 2l-34.8 34c-7.1 6.9-6.1 18.4 1.8 24.5 24.5 19.2 55.1 29.9 86.5 30v48c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16h32c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16v-48.2c46.6-.9 90.3-28.6 105.7-72.7 21.5-61.6-14.6-124.8-72.5-141.7z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg>Discounts</a><a class="inhouse-button inhouse-button-2" href="https://www.vaxbeforetravel.com/vax-before-travel/appointment" style="background: rgb(89, 193, 50); border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; display: inline-block; float: left; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Segoe UI", sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 7.26563px; margin-right: 5.09375px; padding: 8px 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important; width: 175.438px;" target="_blank"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-inline--fa fa-calendar-check fa-w-14" data-fa-i2svg="" data-icon="calendar-check" data-prefix="fas" role="img" viewbox="0 0 448 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M436 160H12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-36c0-26.51 21.49-48 48-48h48V12c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h40c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v52h128V12c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h40c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v52h48c26.51 0 48 21.49 48 48v36c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12zM12 192h424c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v260c0 26.51-21.49 48-48 48H48c-26.51 0-48-21.49-48-48V204c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12zm333.296 95.947l-28.169-28.398c-4.667-4.705-12.265-4.736-16.97-.068L194.12 364.665l-45.98-46.352c-4.667-4.705-12.266-4.736-16.971-.068l-28.397 28.17c-4.705 4.667-4.736 12.265-.068 16.97l82.601 83.269c4.667 4.705 12.265 4.736 16.97.068l142.953-141.805c4.705-4.667 4.736-12.265.068-16.97z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg>Appointments</a><a class="inhouse-button inhouse-button-3" href="https://www.vaxbeforetravel.com/clinical-trials" style="background: rgb(60, 166, 21); border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; display: inline-block; float: left; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Segoe UI", sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 7.26563px; margin-right: 5.09375px; padding: 8px 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important; width: 175.438px;" target="_blank"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-inline--fa fa-user-circle fa-w-16" data-fa-i2svg="" data-icon="user-circle" data-prefix="fas" role="img" viewbox="0 0 496 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M248 8C111 8 0 119 0 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S385 8 248 8zm0 96c48.6 0 88 39.4 88 88s-39.4 88-88 88-88-39.4-88-88 39.4-88 88-88zm0 344c-58.7 0-111.3-26.6-146.5-68.2 18.8-35.4 55.6-59.8 98.5-59.8 2.4 0 4.8.4 7.1 1.1 13 4.2 26.6 6.9 40.9 6.9 14.3 0 28-2.7 40.9-6.9 2.3-.7 4.7-1.1 7.1-1.1 42.9 0 79.7 24.4 98.5 59.8C359.3 421.4 306.7 448 248 448z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg>Clinical Trials</a><a class="inhouse-button inhouse-button-4" href="https://www.ultalabtests.com/vaxbeforetravel" style="background: rgb(39, 132, 5); border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; display: inline-block; float: left; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Segoe UI", sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 7.26563px; margin-right: 0px; padding: 8px 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important; width: 175.438px;" target="_blank"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-inline--fa fa-flask fa-w-14" data-fa-i2svg="" data-icon="flask" data-prefix="fas" role="img" viewbox="0 0 448 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M437.2 403.5L320 215V64h8c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24V24c0-13.3-10.7-24-24-24H120c-13.3 0-24 10.7-24 24v16c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24h8v151L10.8 403.5C-18.5 450.6 15.3 512 70.9 512h306.2c55.7 0 89.4-61.5 60.1-108.5zM137.9 320l48.2-77.6c3.7-5.2 5.8-11.6 5.8-18.4V64h64v160c0 6.9 2.2 13.2 5.8 18.4l48.2 77.6h-172z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg>Lab Tests</a></div>
</section><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
Since Uganda has not included a yellow fever vaccine into its national program, this rapid response team may begin administering vaccinations to Uganda residents in the impacted districts. </div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
Previously, Uganda was designated by the WHO as a high-risk country in the ‘<a href="https://www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2016/october/2_EYE_Strategy.pdf" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4fbe27; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank">Eliminate Yellow Fever Epidemics</a>’ (EYE) strategy.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
This is because Uganda has a history of outbreaks, such as in 2016. </div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
The yellow fever outbreak of 2016 was likely sylvatic and transmitted to a susceptible population probably by mosquito bites during farming in forest and swampy areas. </div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
To reduce this outbreak, a reactive yellow fever vaccination campaign was conducted in 3 districts, including Kalangala, Masaka, and Ruukunguri. </div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
One of the affected districts during this outbreak was located along the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo and South Sudan. Since there are frequent population movements between these countries, there is a potential for the international spread of the yellow fever virus, says the WHO. </div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
<div class="block-inject block-inject-1" id="block-inject-1" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 40px; position: relative; text-align: center; user-select: auto !important;">
<section class="block block-block clearfix" id="block-block-31" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;"></section></div>
<div class="clearfix" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
Yellow fever is a viral disease that is transmitted by certain types of mosquitoes. The infection can cause illness which ranges from a fever with aches and pains to severe liver disease with bleeding and yellowing skin and it can spread rapidly. </div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
However, yellow fever can be prevented by a single vaccine dose, says the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). </div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
The CDC’s Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices published a recommendation in 2015 that <a href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/news-announcements/yf-vax-booster" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4fbe27; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank">1 dose of yellow fever vaccine</a> provides long-lasting protection and is adequate for most travelers. </div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
In reaction to Uganda's outbreak declaration, the CDC updated its vaccination suggestions when visiting Uganda on May 16, 2019. The <a href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/diseases/routine" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4fbe27; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank">recommended vaccines</a>now include the MMR, Routine Vaccines and the yellow fever vaccine. </div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
In the USA, the <a href="https://www.precisionvaccinations.com/vaccines/stamaril-yellow-fever" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4fbe27; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank">Stamaril</a> vaccine is approved and has a clinical efficacy profile similar to the <a href="https://www.precisionvaccinations.com/vaccines/yf-vax-yellow-fever" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4fbe27; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank">YF-VAX</a> vaccine, and is available at select locations. </div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
The CDC <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/programs/vfc/awardees/vaccine-management/price-list/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4fbe27; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank">Vaccine Price List</a> provides private sector vaccine prices for general information. And, vaccine discounts can be found at <a href="https://www.vaxbeforetravel.com/discounts" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4fbe27; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank">Vaccine Discounts.</a></div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
International travelers can find convenient locations to schedule a vaccination appointment by visiting <a href="https://www.vaxbeforetravel.com/vax-before-travel/appointment" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4fbe27; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank">Vax-Before-Travel.</a></div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
As of January 2019, the CDC updated its<a href="https://www.cdc.gov/yellowfever/maps/index.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4fbe27; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank"> maps</a> indicating which countries require yellow fever vaccination.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
<a href="https://www.vaxbeforetravel.com/yellow-fever-virus-immunity-required-when-visiting-uganda" target="_blank">Source</a></div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-86749044933856760782019-06-13T22:28:00.000-07:002019-06-13T22:28:02.894-07:00CDC: Bats are leading cause of rabies infection in US - since 2015<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Bats are responsible for most rabies cases in the United States, accounting for roughly 70% of locally acquired infections over the past 6o years, according to a report published today in <em style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">MMWR</em>.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Researchers warned that the disease continues to pose a risk to humans in the U.S<em style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">.</em></div>
<div data-isroot="1" data-module="See Also" id="SeeAlso" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="related-links module-group-vertical col-xs-5 SeeAlso" id="article-embed-column" style="box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; float: left; margin: 0px 20px 0px 0px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important; width: 211.375px; z-index: 2;">
<div class="header-bar" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
<h5 class="section-head" style="border-top: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #74b64a; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 5px; padding: 5px 0px 0px; text-transform: uppercase; user-select: auto !important;">
SEE ALSO</h5>
<ul class="module list-unstyled link-grp" style="box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; list-style: none; margin: 0px auto 20px; min-width: 120px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;"><a href="https://www.healio.com/family-medicine/infectious-diseases/news/online/%7B31cb656b-90f6-4326-b8c7-98aae4c406c1%7D/top-stories-in-infectious-disease-new-rabies-test-to-replace-gold-standard-journal-retracts-paper-questioning-safety-of-hpv-vaccine" style="background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #255284; display: block; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: auto !important;">Top stories in infectious disease: new rabies test to replace ‘gold standard,’ journal retracts paper questioning safety of HPV vaccine</a></li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;"><a href="https://www.healio.com/infectious-disease/zoonotic-infections/news/online/%7Ba6081a1b-c13b-4675-9583-2e07cddfc737%7D/cdc-new-rabies-test-may-reduce-unnecessary-treatment" style="background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #255284; display: block; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: auto !important;">CDC: New rabies test may reduce unnecessary treatment</a></li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;"><a href="https://www.healio.com/infectious-disease/zoonotic-infections/news/online/%7Be7224687-c841-4238-8fac-2052ffb3d2e1%7D/mistaken-rabies-diagnosis-could-result-from-immune-globulin-effect" style="background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #255284; display: block; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: auto !important;">Mistaken rabies diagnosis could result from immune globulin effect</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
“Rabid bats have been reported from every state except Hawaii,” <strong style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">Emily </strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">Pieracci</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">, DVM,</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;"> MPH,</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;"> </strong>a veterinarian in the CDC’s Rabies Branch, said during a telebriefing. “While the majority of bats in the wild do not carry rabies, you cannot tell which bats have rabies just by looking at them.”</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Pieracci said many people may not know bats can spread rabies.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
<div class="fig-wrap-1col float-left" style="background-color: white; border: 1px solid rgb(189, 189, 189); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: left; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 20px 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important; width: 246px; z-index: 2;">
<div class="figure" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin: 0px 20px 20px 0px; overflow: hidden; user-select: auto !important;">
<img alt="Photo of a bat" height="451" src="https://m4.healio.com/~/media/slack-news/stock-images/infectious-disease/b/bat_animal.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(189, 189, 189); box-sizing: border-box; float: left; height: auto; margin: 7px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important; vertical-align: middle; width: 229px; z-index: 1;" width="676" /> <div class="figcaption" style="box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; color: #555555; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.35; margin: 0px 7px 5px !important; user-select: auto !important;">
<strong style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;"></strong><span style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">Bats are the leading cause of rabies in the U.S</span>.</div>
</div>
<div class="image-source" style="box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; color: #555555; font-size: 10px; font-style: italic; margin: 12px 7px 7px; user-select: auto !important;">
Source: Shutterstock.com</div>
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
“For example, we have had several large groups of people exposed to bats <a href="https://www.healio.com/infectious-disease/zoonotic-infections/news/in-the-journals/%7B14cc92ce-9672-4502-ab34-1094083120a6%7D/bat-exposure-led-to-rabies-pep-initiations-for-200-air-force-trainees" id="rId4" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #255284; font-size: 11px; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank">in university dorms</a>, camping lodges and schools.”</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
According to Pieracci and colleagues, data from 1938 to 2018 show a steady decline in human rabies cases caused by dog bites, whereas bats surpassed raccoons in 2015 as the leading cause of human rabies infections in the U.S. Bats accounted for 62 (70%) of 89 human rabies cases between 1960 and 2018, according to the study.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Further, mass bat exposures also are on the rise, according to Pieracci. These are instances where 10 or more people are exposed to a potentially rabid bat. With the coming summer months, Pieracci and colleagues warned that increased time spent outdoors — in campgrounds, parks or yards — will expose large groups of people to potential interactions with bats.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
“People may not realize that bats carry rabies, so they may not see their medical provider after touching or handling a bat,” CDC Principal Deputy Director <strong style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">Anne </strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">Schuchat</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">, MD, </strong>said in the briefing. “Bat bites are smaller than the top of a pencil eraser, and so they can go unnoticed. This is a problem, because rabies is deadly once symptoms start. Recognizing the risk and getting treatment fast is important.”</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
In 2017 and 2018, an average of 55,000 Americans received <a href="https://www.healio.com/infectious-disease/zoonotic-infections/news/in-the-journals/%7B2698f130-c97e-485a-965f-da0736a8942a%7D/less-can-be-more-shorter-rabies-prep-schedule-safe-effective" id="rId5" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #255284; font-size: 11px; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank">post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)</a> for potential rabies exposure each year, according to the findings. Schuchat noted that 70% of Americans who died from rabies in the U.S. were infected by bats.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Globally, rabies causes around 59,000 deaths each year, including approximately two in the U.S., according to Pieracci and colleagues.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
“The bottom line is rabies continues to be a threat in the U.S. and abroad, and people should see their health care professionals if they think they've been bitten or scratched by an animal and before symptoms occur,” Schuchat said. “An ounce of prevention can go a long way.”</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<a href="https://www.healio.com/infectious-disease/zoonotic-infections/news/online/%7B48e941df-60f8-4eae-9119-5f6321144e01%7D/cdc-bats-are-leading-cause-of-rabies-infection-in-us" target="_blank">Reference</a></div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-24506096266095254572019-06-12T22:27:00.002-07:002019-06-12T22:27:55.198-07:00Study identifies predictors of mortality in patients with yellow fever - Lancet 2019<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Researchers identified numerous clinical and laboratory predictors of mortality in patients with yellow fever, including higher RNA plasma viral load, according to findings reported in <em style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">The Lancet Infectious Diseases</em>.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
“Although only 10% to 50% of patients infected with <a href="https://www.healio.com/infectious-disease/vaccine-preventable-diseases/news/in-the-journals/%7B82e480a0-9c93-4be8-93db-6d10667bedd4%7D/gaps-persist-in-global-yellow-fever-vaccination-coverage" id="rId11" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #255284; font-size: 11px; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank">yellow fever virus</a> develop symptoms, yellow fever virus infection is recognized as a very severe disease, with associated mortality as high as 50% in symptomatic patients,” <strong style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">Esper G. </strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">Kallas</strong><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">, MD, PhD</strong>, from the Clinical Hospital at the University of São Paolo, and colleagues wrote.</div>
<div data-isroot="1" data-module="See Also" id="SeeAlso" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Kallas and colleagues’ observational cohort study included adult patients aged 18 years or older with yellow fever who were admitted to the hospital between Jan. 11, 2018, and May 10, 2018. The final analysis included 76 patients with yellow fever virus, confirmed either through detectable yellow fever virus RNA in blood or at autopsy.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
The researchers reported that 36% of patients died within 60 days after hospital admission. According to the findings, risk factors associated with higher mortality included older age; male sex; higher leukocyte and neutrophil counts; higher alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, bilirubin and creatinine; prolonged prothrombin time; and higher yellow fever virus RNA plasma viral load.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Of the 11 patients with neutrophil counts of 4,000 cells/mL or greater and viral loads of 5.1 log<span style="bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 13.5px; line-height: 0; position: relative; user-select: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline;">10</span> copies/mL or greater, 100% died compared with 11% of the 27 patients with neutrophil counts of less than 4,000 cells/mL and viral loads of less than 5.1 log<span style="bottom: -0.25em; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 13.5px; line-height: 0; position: relative; user-select: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline;">10</span> copies/mL, the researchers reported.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
“Our findings have several implications for the care of patients with yellow fever virus,” Kallas and colleagues wrote. “Identification of poor outcome markers could help guide resource allocation and strategies to provide intensive care for patients with potentially severe disease, supporting a rational approach during disease outbreaks. Medical services and intensive care units can be overwhelmed during the peak of epidemics and decision-making referral algorithms might take advantage of simple clinical and laboratory evaluation.”</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
In a related editorial, <strong style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">Annelies Wilder-Smith, MD, PhD, DTM&H, MIH, </strong>professor of emerging infectious diseases at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, and colleagues explained that some of the study findings from Kallas and colleagues are “as expected.”</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
“Older age is also associated with more severe outcomes in other flavivirus infections, including Japanese encephalitis and West Nile encephalitis,” they wrote. “However, a potential novel finding is the higher viral load associated with fatal outcomes, suggesting a possible causative role, as has been shown in a hamster model. This finding has implications for improving understanding of the pathogenesis of severe disease and the potential role of early antiviral treatment in mitigating severity.”</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 18px; position: relative; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<a href="https://www.healio.com/infectious-disease/vaccine-preventable-diseases/news/online/%7Bc4854711-aed4-4723-8f94-39640325d621%7D/study-identifies-predictors-of-mortality-in-patients-with-yellow-fever" target="_blank">Reference</a></div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-17024072522398538872019-05-10T05:50:00.000-07:002019-05-10T05:50:11.445-07:00Yellow Fever Vaccination Does Not Increase Severe Dengue Risks<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="field-name-author-wrap" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Segoe UI", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
<a about="/people/don-ward-hackett" class="username" datatype="" href="https://www.vaxbeforetravel.com/people/don-ward-hackett" property="foaf:name" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4fbe27; font-style: italic; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important;" title="View user profile." typeof="sioc:UserAccount" xml:lang="">Don Ward Hackett</a></div>
<div class="field field-name-title field-type-ds field-label-hidden" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Segoe UI", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="field-items" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="field-item even" property="schema:name" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
<h2 style="box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; color: #323232; font-family: inherit; font-size: 32px; line-height: 1.1; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 20px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Yellow Fever Vaccination Does Not Increase Severe Dengue Risks</h2>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<h1 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #797979; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Segoe UI", sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.1; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="field field-name-field-sub-title field-type-text field-label-hidden" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="field-items" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="field-item even" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
Dengue vaccine Dengvaxia is a live, attenuated vaccine now approved by the US FDA</div>
</div>
</div>
</h1>
<div class="field field-name-field-image field-type-image field-label-hidden" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Segoe UI", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="field-items" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="field-item even" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
<img alt="Brazillian beach with boats" class="img-responsive" height="409.5" src="https://www.vaxbeforetravel.com/sites/default/files/styles/article/public/sao-paulo-1936636.jpg" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%; user-select: auto !important; vertical-align: middle;" typeof="foaf:Image" width="728" /></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="view view-goodrx-fair-price view-id-goodrx_fair_price view-display-id-panel_pane_1 view-dom-id-2f95497e99573cf9242ce50bf3e1ab21" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Segoe UI", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="view-content" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first views-row-last" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
</div>
<div class="view-footer" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
<div id="goodrx_fair-price_widget" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: Helvetica, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: 1.231; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #292929; font-family: Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 32px; margin-top: 20px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="field-items" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="field-item even" property="schema:articleBody content:encoded" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
May 8th, 2019 – A new, long-term study found no evidence that a Yellow Fever virus vaccination in dengue-endemic areas increased the risk of Severe Dengue Fever. </div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
This is good news since serological interactions between the dengue virus and other flaviviruses, such as Yellow Fever, could drive antibody-dependent enhancements, which is associated with disease severity in dengue infections. </div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
Severe Dengue affects most Asian and Latin American countries and has become a leading cause of hospitalization and death among children and adults in these regions, says the World Health Organization (WHO). </div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
Additionally, both<a href="https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/traveloutbreaks/index.html" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4fbe27; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank"> dengue</a> and <a href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/diseases/yellow-fever" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4fbe27; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank">Yellow Fever</a> virus outbreaks have been reported in similar countries during 2019. </div>
<section class="block block-block inhouse-block clearfix" id="block-block-28" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 22px; user-select: auto !important;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
<em style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">Sponsored Links:</em></div>
<div class="inhouse-wrapper" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
<a class="inhouse-button inhouse-button-1" href="https://www.vaxbeforetravel.com/discounts" style="background: rgb(119, 214, 84); border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; display: inline-block; float: left; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Segoe UI", sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 7.26563px; margin-right: 5.09375px; padding: 8px 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important; width: 175.438px;" target="_blank"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-inline--fa fa-dollar-sign fa-w-9" data-fa-i2svg="" data-icon="dollar-sign" data-prefix="fas" role="img" viewbox="0 0 288 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M209.2 233.4l-108-31.6C88.7 198.2 80 186.5 80 173.5c0-16.3 13.2-29.5 29.5-29.5h66.3c12.2 0 24.2 3.7 34.2 10.5 6.1 4.1 14.3 3.1 19.5-2l34.8-34c7.1-6.9 6.1-18.4-1.8-24.5C238 74.8 207.4 64.1 176 64V16c0-8.8-7.2-16-16-16h-32c-8.8 0-16 7.2-16 16v48h-2.5C45.8 64-5.4 118.7.5 183.6c4.2 46.1 39.4 83.6 83.8 96.6l102.5 30c12.5 3.7 21.2 15.3 21.2 28.3 0 16.3-13.2 29.5-29.5 29.5h-66.3C100 368 88 364.3 78 357.5c-6.1-4.1-14.3-3.1-19.5 2l-34.8 34c-7.1 6.9-6.1 18.4 1.8 24.5 24.5 19.2 55.1 29.9 86.5 30v48c0 8.8 7.2 16 16 16h32c8.8 0 16-7.2 16-16v-48.2c46.6-.9 90.3-28.6 105.7-72.7 21.5-61.6-14.6-124.8-72.5-141.7z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg>Discounts</a><a class="inhouse-button inhouse-button-2" href="https://www.vaxbeforetravel.com/vax-before-travel/appointment" style="background: rgb(89, 193, 50); border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; display: inline-block; float: left; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Segoe UI", sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 7.26563px; margin-right: 5.09375px; padding: 8px 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important; width: 175.438px;" target="_blank"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-inline--fa fa-calendar-check fa-w-14" data-fa-i2svg="" data-icon="calendar-check" data-prefix="fas" role="img" viewbox="0 0 448 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M436 160H12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-36c0-26.51 21.49-48 48-48h48V12c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h40c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v52h128V12c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h40c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v52h48c26.51 0 48 21.49 48 48v36c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12zM12 192h424c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v260c0 26.51-21.49 48-48 48H48c-26.51 0-48-21.49-48-48V204c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12zm333.296 95.947l-28.169-28.398c-4.667-4.705-12.265-4.736-16.97-.068L194.12 364.665l-45.98-46.352c-4.667-4.705-12.266-4.736-16.971-.068l-28.397 28.17c-4.705 4.667-4.736 12.265-.068 16.97l82.601 83.269c4.667 4.705 12.265 4.736 16.97.068l142.953-141.805c4.705-4.667 4.736-12.265.068-16.97z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg>Appointments</a><a class="inhouse-button inhouse-button-3" href="https://www.vaxbeforetravel.com/clinical-trials" style="background: rgb(60, 166, 21); border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; display: inline-block; float: left; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Segoe UI", sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 7.26563px; margin-right: 5.09375px; padding: 8px 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important; width: 175.438px;" target="_blank"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-inline--fa fa-user-circle fa-w-16" data-fa-i2svg="" data-icon="user-circle" data-prefix="fas" role="img" viewbox="0 0 496 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M248 8C111 8 0 119 0 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S385 8 248 8zm0 96c48.6 0 88 39.4 88 88s-39.4 88-88 88-88-39.4-88-88 39.4-88 88-88zm0 344c-58.7 0-111.3-26.6-146.5-68.2 18.8-35.4 55.6-59.8 98.5-59.8 2.4 0 4.8.4 7.1 1.1 13 4.2 26.6 6.9 40.9 6.9 14.3 0 28-2.7 40.9-6.9 2.3-.7 4.7-1.1 7.1-1.1 42.9 0 79.7 24.4 98.5 59.8C359.3 421.4 306.7 448 248 448z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg>Clinical Trials</a><a class="inhouse-button inhouse-button-4" href="https://www.ultalabtests.com/vaxbeforetravel" style="background: rgb(39, 132, 5); border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; display: inline-block; float: left; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, "Segoe UI", sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 7.26563px; margin-right: 0px; padding: 8px 0px; text-align: center; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important; width: 175.438px;" target="_blank"><svg aria-hidden="true" class="svg-inline--fa fa-flask fa-w-14" data-fa-i2svg="" data-icon="flask" data-prefix="fas" role="img" viewbox="0 0 448 512" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M437.2 403.5L320 215V64h8c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24V24c0-13.3-10.7-24-24-24H120c-13.3 0-24 10.7-24 24v16c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24h8v151L10.8 403.5C-18.5 450.6 15.3 512 70.9 512h306.2c55.7 0 89.4-61.5 60.1-108.5zM137.9 320l48.2-77.6c3.7-5.2 5.8-11.6 5.8-18.4V64h64v160c0 6.9 2.2 13.2 5.8 18.4l48.2 77.6h-172z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg>Lab Tests</a></div>
</section><div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
This study evaluated the severity of 11,448 lab-confirmed dengue cases reported in São José do Rio Preto, Brazil.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
7,370 patients had been vaccinated for Yellow Fever and they were compared to 4,078 unvaccinated patients. </div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
These researchers regressed dengue severity against Yellow Fever (YF) vaccine status and a number of demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables as controls between 1998 and 2006. </div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
And, they also evaluated the association between YF vaccination status and the clinical and laboratory symptoms of dengue patients. </div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
The study did not find any evidence of increased risk for severe dengue in patients vaccinated against YF (odds ratio = 1.00; 95% confidence interval = 0.87–1.14).</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
<div class="block-inject block-inject-1" id="block-inject-1" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 40px; position: relative; text-align: center; user-select: auto !important;">
<section class="block block-block clearfix" id="block-block-31" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;"></section></div>
<div class="clearfix" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
According to the WHO, from July 2018 through March 2019, Brazil recorded a Yellow Fever case-fatality ratio of 23 percent. </div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
In the USA, there are 2 FDA Yellow Fever vaccines available during 2019, <a href="https://www.precisionvaccinations.com/vaccines/yf-vax-yellow-fever" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4fbe27; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank">YF-Vax</a>and <a href="https://www.precisionvaccinations.com/vaccines/stamaril-yellow-fever" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4fbe27; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank">Stamaril.</a> </div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
Recently, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the dengue vaccine <a href="http://www.precisionvaccinations.com/vaccines/dengvaxia-dengue" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4fbe27; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank">Dengvaxia</a> for use in the USA for individuals 9 through 16 years of age.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
Dengvaxia has already been approved in 19 countries and the European Union. </div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
Sanofi Pasteur’s Dengvaxia is a live, attenuated vaccine that is administered as 3 separate injections, with the initial dose followed by two additional shots given 6 and 12 months later. </div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
Dengvaxia was determined to be approximately 76 percent effective in preventing symptomatic, laboratory-confirmed dengue disease in individuals 9 through 16 years of age who previously had laboratory-confirmed dengue disease. </div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
Dengvaxia is not approved for use in individuals not previously infected by any of the dengue virus 4 serotypes or for whom their immunization information is unknown. </div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
This study was published in <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/travel-medicine-and-infectious-disease" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4fbe27; text-decoration-line: none !important; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank"><em style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease</em></a> on May 8, 2019.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
No conflicts of interest were disclosed by these researchers.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; user-select: auto !important;">
<a href="https://www.vaxbeforetravel.com/dengue-vaccine-dengvaxia-live-attenuated-vaccine-now-approved-us-fda" target="_blank">Source</a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-2167054148057006382019-05-09T07:45:00.000-07:002019-05-09T07:45:35.471-07:00Traveling abroad this summer - here are some tips from CDC?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="span19 pagetitle" style="background-color: white; float: left; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-left: 15px; min-height: 1px; user-select: auto !important; width: 935px;">
<h1 style="font-size: 22px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; user-select: auto !important;">
Summer Travel Abroad</h1>
</div>
<div class="span19" id="share-bar" style="background-color: white; float: left; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 15px; min-height: 35px; user-select: auto !important; width: 935px;">
</div>
<div class="span19 " id="body" style="background-color: white; float: left; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-left: 15px; min-height: 1px; user-select: auto !important; width: 935px;">
<div id="contentArea" style="user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="syndicate" style="user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="mSyndicate" style="user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="pull-right span10" style="float: right; margin-left: 15px; min-height: 1px; user-select: auto !important; width: 485px;">
<img alt="Boat in Thailand" src="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/images/thailand.jpg" style="border: 0px; height: auto; max-width: 100%; user-select: auto !important; vertical-align: middle;" /></div>
<div style="line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 10px; user-select: auto !important;">
<span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">Escaping to an overseas retreat this summer? </span>It’s the time of year when people start planning their summer vacation. If you venture abroad for some summer fun, there are health and safety risks you should be aware of. No matter where you go—majestic mountains, secluded beaches, or bustling cities—kick off your travel adventure by getting prepared with our summer vacation tips.</div>
<h3 style="font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 10px 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; user-select: auto !important;">
Before You Trip</h3>
<ul style="margin: 0px 0px 10px 25px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">Check your </span><a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/list" style="color: #075290; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">destination for health concerns</span></a>. Even if you’re familiar with the place, there may be new and important health risks you should be aware of.</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">Make an appointment </span>with a <a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/find-clinic" style="color: #075290; user-select: auto !important;">travel medicine specialist</a> or your healthcare provider to get important advice, vaccines, and medicine <span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">at least one month</span>before you leave.<ul style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;">CDC recommends all travelers be up to date on <a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/diseases/routine" style="color: #075290; user-select: auto !important;">routine vaccines,</a> including measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR), varicella (chickenpox), and your seasonal flu vaccine, which you should be able to get from your doctor.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">Pack a travel health kit</span> with your prescription and over-the-counter medicines (enough to last your whole trip, plus a little extra), first aid supplies, your health insurance card, and <a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/pack-smart" style="color: #075290; user-select: auto !important;">more</a>.</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">Prepare for the unexpected.</span></li>
</ul>
<ul style="margin: 0px 0px 10px 25px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">Enroll in </span>the State Department’s <a class="tp-link-policy tp-external-link-fix" href="https://step.state.gov/" style="color: #075290; padding-right: 18px; user-select: auto !important;" target="_self">Smart Traveler Enrollment Program</a><a aria-label="External Web Site Icon" class="external tp-link-policy" href="https://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.html" style="background: url("/TemplatePackage/3.0/images/icon_out_v2.png") right center no-repeat; color: #075290; display: inline-block; height: 10px; margin: 0px 3px 0px -13px; user-select: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline; width: 10px;" title="External Web Site Icon"></a> (STEP) to get the latest safety updates and help in an emergency.</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">Leave copies</span> of your itinerary, contact information, credit cards, and passport with someone at home, in case you lose them during travel.</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">Find out</span> if your health insurance covers medical care abroad—many plans don’t!</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">Consider buying</span> <a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/insurance" style="color: #075290; user-select: auto !important;"><u style="user-select: auto !important;">additional insurance</u></a> that covers health care and emergency evacuation, especially if you will be traveling to remote areas.</li>
</ul>
<div class="module-typeF span9 pull-right" style="background: rgb(240, 240, 240); border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 15px; min-height: 1px; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 10px; user-select: auto !important; width: 435px;">
<h3 style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); font-size: 18px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 5px 10px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; user-select: auto !important;">
Health Risks and Outbreaks</h3>
<h5 style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 26px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px 15px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; user-select: auto !important;">
Zika, Dengue, and Malaria Risks</h5>
<ul class="list-bullet" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 15px; padding: 0px 15px; user-select: auto !important;">
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">Zika.</span> Many popular summer travel destinations still have a risk of Zika. Check CDC’s <a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/zika-information" style="color: #075290; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: auto !important;">Zika Travel Information</a> to find out if there is a risk of Zika at your destination and how to protect yourself during and after travel. Zika can cause serious birth defects if a woman is infected during pregnancy. <span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">Pregnant women should</span><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">not travel to an area with a Zika outbreak. Pregnant women considering traveling to other areas with Zika risk should discuss travel plans with their doctor, the risks and consequences of possible Zika infection, and their willingness to accept that risk if they choose to travel.</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;"><a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/traveloutbreaks/index.html" style="color: #075290; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">Dengue</span></a> viruses are spread to people primarily through the bite of an infected mosquito. Symptoms of mild dengue include fever with any of the following: nausea, vomiting, rash, aches and pains (eye pain typically behind the eyes, muscle, joint, or bone pain). Mild dengue symptoms can become severe within a few hours. <a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/symptoms/" style="color: #075290; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: auto !important;">Severe dengue</a> is a medical emergency. There is no vaccine to prevent dengue, and there is no treatment. Protect yourself by preventing mosquito bites.</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;"><a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/travelers/index.html" style="color: #075290; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">Malaria</span></a> is a parasitic disease spread by mosquitoes. It can lead to serious illness and can be fatal if left untreated. Symptoms of malaria can include fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, and body aches. If symptoms of malaria occur, travelers should seek medical attention immediately. Before you leave home, check your destination for a risk of malaria. If malaria is present, consult your doctor to assess your risk and choose the most appropriate anti-malarial medicine. <span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">Pregnant women infected with </span><a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/us_transmission.html" style="color: #075290; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">malaria can transmit the parasites to their child</span></a><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;"> during pregnancy or delivery</span>. CDC recommends that pregnant women talk to their doctor if traveling to areas with risk of malaria. When used as directed, EPA-registered insect repellents are safe for pregnant and breastfeeding women.</li>
</ul>
<h5 style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 26px; margin: 10px 0px; padding: 0px 15px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; user-select: auto !important;">
Measles Outbreaks</h5>
<div style="line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px 15px; user-select: auto !important;">
<span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">Where?</span> There are measles <a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices" style="color: #075290; user-select: auto !important;">outbreaks</a> in many popular destinations.</div>
<div style="line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px 15px; user-select: auto !important;">
<span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">What are the consequences?</span> <a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/diseases/measles" style="color: #075290; user-select: auto !important;">Measles</a> is highly contagious and can cause serious long-term health complications.</div>
<div style="line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px 15px; user-select: auto !important;">
<span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">What should you do?</span> Before you travel, talk to your doctor to make sure you and your traveling companions are up to date on the <a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://www.cdc.gov/measles/vaccination.html" style="color: #075290; user-select: auto !important;">MMR</a> (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine. Don’t put yourself and others at risk!</div>
</div>
<h3 style="font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 10px 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; user-select: auto !important;">
During Your Trip</h3>
<ul style="margin: 0px 0px 10px 25px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">Always wear seat belts and choose </span><a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/road-safety" style="color: #075290; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">safe transportation</span></a><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">.</span> Motor vehicle crashes are the #1 killer of healthy US citizens in foreign countries.<ul style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;">Ride only in marked taxis or ride-sharing vehicles.</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;">While walking, be alert when crossing the street, especially in countries where people drive on the left.</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;">Avoid overcrowded, overweight, or top-heavy buses or vans.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;"><a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/food-water-safety" style="color: #075290; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">Eat and drink safely</span></a><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">.</span> Contaminated food or drinks can cause <a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/travelers-diarrhea" style="color: #075290; user-select: auto !important;">travelers’ diarrhea</a>, the most common travel-related illness, and other diseases. If you are traveling to a developing country, you are especially at risk.<ul style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;">When possible, choose food that is cooked and served hot, washed in safe water, or peeled.</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;">Stick to drinks that are bottled and sealed, or very hot coffee or tea, and avoid ice.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;">Protect yourself from <a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/travel-to-hot-climates" style="color: #075290; user-select: auto !important;">hot temperatures</a> and <a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/sun-exposure" style="color: #075290; user-select: auto !important;">sun exposure</a>.</span><ul style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;">Wear SPF 15 or higher sunscreen to protect yourself from the sun’s harmful UV rays when enjoying outdoor activities.</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;">Follow the instructions on the label and reapply as directed.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;"><a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/avoid-bug-bites" style="color: #075290; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="user-select: auto !important;">Prevent insect bites</span></a>. </span>Using insect repellent can protect you from serious diseases spread by mosquitoes, such as Zika, dengue, yellow fever, and malaria.<ul style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;">Use an EPA-registered insect repellent with one of the following active ingredients: DEET, picaridin, IR3535, oil of lemon eucalyptus, para-menthane-diol, or 2-undecanone.</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;">Apply sunscreen first, then repellent.</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;">Follow the instructions on the label and reapply as directed.</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;">If you’re sleeping in a room without screens or air conditioning, or a tent- sleep underneath a mosquito net and make sure it’s tucked into your mattress.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="font-weight: 700; user-select: auto !important;"><a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/be-safe-around-animals" style="color: #075290; user-select: auto !important;"><span style="user-select: auto !important;">Avoid Animals</span></a>. </span>We know that this advice is no fun- but any animal, even if it appears to be friendly or harmless, can be dangerous.<ul style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 25px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;">Never try to pet, handle or feed unfamiliar animals, even pets, as they may not be vaccinated against rabies.</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;">If you are bitten or scratched, immediately wash the wound with plenty of soap and water and see a doctor as soon as possible!</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 style="font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 10px 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; user-select: auto !important;">
After Your Trip</h3>
<div style="line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 10px; user-select: auto !important;">
Some travel-related illnesses may not cause symptoms until after you get home. If you get sick after your trip, call your doctor and be sure to tell them about your travel, including where you went and what you did on your trip. This will help your doctor consider infections that are rarely found in the United States.</div>
<ul style="margin: 0px 0px 10px 25px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;">If you need help finding a travel medicine specialist, <a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/find-clinic" style="color: #075290; user-select: auto !important;">find a clinic</a> here.</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px; user-select: auto !important;">For more information, see <a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/getting-sick-after-travel" style="color: #075290; user-select: auto !important;">Getting Sick after Travel</a><a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/getting-sick-after-travel" style="color: #075290; user-select: auto !important;">.</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div style="line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 10px; user-select: auto !important;">
<br /></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-30622119229678695222019-04-24T06:33:00.001-07:002019-04-24T06:33:08.887-07:00Two British people DIE after receiving yellow fever vaccines - Apr 2019<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<ul class="mol-bullets-with-font" style="background-color: white; font-family: graphik, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; line-height: 22px; margin: 0px 0px 8px; min-height: 1px; padding: 4px 0px 4px 16px; user-select: auto !important;">
<li class="class" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; list-style: disc; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 0px; user-select: auto !important;"><b style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; user-select: auto !important;">Two patients developed a complication called viscerotropic disease </b></li>
<li class="class" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; list-style: disc; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 0px; user-select: auto !important;"><b style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; user-select: auto !important;">Yellow fever is spread by mosquitoes mostly in Africa and the Americas</b></li>
<li class="class" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; list-style: disc; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 0px; user-select: auto !important;"><b style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; user-select: auto !important;">Vaccines can cause illness in some people because they use live viruses </b></li>
</ul>
<div class="author-section byline-plain" style="background-color: white; border-top: 1px solid rgb(227, 227, 227); font-family: graphik, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; line-height: 1; margin-bottom: 4px; min-height: 0px; padding: 11px 0px 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
By <a class="author" href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/home/search.html?s=&authornamef=Sam+Blanchard+Health+Reporter+For+Mailonline" rel="nofollow" style="color: #004db3; cursor: pointer; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; text-transform: uppercase; user-select: auto !important;">SAM BLANCHARD HEALTH REPORTER FOR MAILONLINE</a></div>
<div class="byline-section" style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: graphik, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; line-height: 1; margin-bottom: 8px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<span class="article-timestamp article-timestamp-published" style="font-size: 1em !important; letter-spacing: -0.01em; user-select: auto !important;"><span class="article-timestamp-label" style="font-size: 1em !important; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -0.01em; text-transform: uppercase; user-select: auto !important;">PUBLISHED:</span> 14:51 BST, 18 April 2019 </span>| <span class="article-timestamp article-timestamp-updated" style="font-size: 1em !important; letter-spacing: -0.01em; user-select: auto !important;"><span class="article-timestamp-label" style="font-size: 1em !important; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -0.01em; text-transform: uppercase; user-select: auto !important;">UPDATED:</span> 01:27 BST, 19 April 2019</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: graphik, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
<div data-preferred-shared-network-enabled="" id="articleIconLinksContainer" style="background-color: white; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(227, 227, 227); border-left-color: rgb(227, 227, 227); border-right-color: rgb(227, 227, 227); border-top: 1px solid rgb(227, 227, 227); font-family: graphik, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; height: 52px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 10px 0px 16px; min-height: 1px; padding: 4px 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<a class="comments-count home" href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-6935925/Two-British-people-DIE-receiving-yellow-fever-vaccines.html#comments" style="color: #004db3; cursor: pointer; float: right; font-size: 1.2em; height: 40px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; padding: 1px 0px 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: auto !important; width: inherit;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: url("//i.dailymail.co.uk/i/furniture/articles/spt_socialicons_40x40eachbttn9.png"); background-origin: initial; background-position: -832px 0px; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; display: block; height: 18px; left: -20px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-top: 4px; position: absolute; user-select: auto !important; width: 20px;"></span><div class="count-number" style="font-size: 32px; font-weight: 700; height: 32px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-left: 3px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: right; user-select: auto !important;">
144</div>
<div class="count-text" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; line-height: 10px; margin-left: 6px; margin-top: -1px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px; text-align: right; user-select: auto !important; width: 96px;">
View comments</div>
</a></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: graphik, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
<div itemprop="articleBody" style="background-color: white; font-family: graphik, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Two people in the UK have died after being given a vaccine to protect against the potentially fatal yellow fever.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
The tropical illness is spread by mosquitoes and found in Africa, South and Central America, and the Caribbean, so the jab is recommended for people travelling to those areas.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
But in extremely rare cases – approximately one in a million – the vaccine can trigger viscerotropic disease, which can be deadly.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Both the unidentified victims were in categories of people who shouldn't always be given the vaccine – one was aged over 60 and the other had had their thymus gland removed.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Travellers should not be put off getting the vaccine, health chiefs said, and medics have been warned to check it's safe to give their patient the jab, which can cost around £60 on the NHS.</div>
<div class="artSplitter mol-img-group" style="clear: both; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px auto 4px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important; width: 636px;">
<div class="mol-img" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="image-wrap fff-pic" style="cursor: pointer; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important;">
<img alt="Two patients in the UK have died after being given the yellow fever travel vaccine, which went on to cause a disease which can lead to multiple organ failure (stock image)" class="blkBorder img-share b-loaded" height="404" id="i-43b12431e62c78bb" src="https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2019/04/04/17/11865062-6886697-he_most_severe_lesions_had_them_clear_up_as_well_as_the_HPV_infe-a-47_1554393986812.jpg" style="border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;" width="634" /></div>
</div>
<div class="imageCaption" style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(227, 227, 227); clear: both; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -0.01em; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 4px 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Two patients in the UK have died after being given the yellow fever travel vaccine, which went on to cause a disease which can lead to multiple organ failure (stock image)</div>
</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
The UK's Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) revealed the cases in a report this week but could not say when the two people died.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Both of them died 'shortly' after receiving the vaccine because of yellow fever vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease (YEL-AVD). </div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
One of them was 67 years old – the life-saving jab is not recommended for people over the age of 60, according to the NHS. This person died 16 days after their injection. </div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
One of the UK's leading cancer scientists and a consultant at the Royal Marsden NHS trust in London, Professor Martin Gore, 67, died after having a yellow fever vaccine in January, <a class="class" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/jan/11/top-cancer-scientist-prof-martin-gore-dies-after-rare-reaction-to-yellow-fever-vaccination" rel="nofollow" style="color: #003580; cursor: pointer; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank">The Guardian</a> reported – but the MHRA would not confirm the identity of the patient. </div>
<div style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="related-carousel with-fb-or-tw health" data-dm-rotator-active-class="active" data-dm-rotator-auto-init="" data-dm-rotator-page-count="1.0" data-dm-rotator-page-size="1" data-dm-rotator-rotate="false" data-dm-social-article-auto-init="" data-preferred-shared-network-enabled="" data-track-module="am-related_carousel^related_carousel" data-track-pos="static" data-track-selector=".rotator-panels a:not([class*=external])" id="p-18" style="clear: both; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px 0px 16px 164px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="rotator bdrcc" style="border: 1px solid rgb(51, 204, 204); height: 162px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 0px 10px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important; width: 472px;">
<div class="rotator-title" style="height: 20px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 40px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important;">
<h2 style="font-size: 1.2em; letter-spacing: -0.01em; line-height: 18px !important; margin: 12px 0px 0px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; text-transform: uppercase; user-select: auto !important;">
RELATED ARTICLES</h2>
<ul class="rotator-pages link-xocc" style="font-size: 0.85em; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 3px; top: 5px; user-select: auto !important;">
<li class="rotator-prev disabled" style="background-color: transparent; display: block; float: left; height: 20px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; list-style: none; margin: -4px 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important; width: 20px;"><a data-page="prev" href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-6935925/Two-British-people-DIE-receiving-yellow-fever-vaccines.html#" style="background-color: #33cccc; background-image: url("//i.dailymail.co.uk/i/furniture/carousel_arrows_3.png"); background-position: 0px -901px; background-repeat: no-repeat; color: #003580; cursor: default; display: block; height: 20px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; opacity: 0.2; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; text-indent: -9999em; user-select: auto !important; width: 20px;">Previous</a></li>
<li class="active disabled" style="display: block; float: left; height: 11px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; list-style: none; margin: 0px 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important; width: 11px;"><a data-page="1" href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-6935925/Two-British-people-DIE-receiving-yellow-fever-vaccines.html#" style="background-color: #33cccc; background-image: url("//i.dailymail.co.uk/i/furniture/spt_previewlinks_10.png"); background-position: -30px -100px; color: #003580; cursor: default; display: block; height: 11px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; opacity: 0.2; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; text-indent: -9999em; user-select: auto !important; width: 11px;">1</a></li>
<li class="rotator-next disabled" style="background-color: transparent; display: block; float: left; height: 20px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; list-style: none; margin: -4px 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important; width: 20px;"><a data-page="next" href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-6935925/Two-British-people-DIE-receiving-yellow-fever-vaccines.html#" style="background-color: #33cccc; background-image: url("//i.dailymail.co.uk/i/furniture/carousel_arrows_3.png"); background-position: -21px -901px; background-repeat: no-repeat; color: #003580; cursor: default; display: block; height: 20px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; opacity: 0.2; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; text-indent: -9999em; user-select: auto !important; width: 20px;">Next</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<ul class="rotator-panels link-bogr1 linkro-ccox" style="font-size: 0.85em; left: 0px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px 0px 8px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 40px; transition: transform 1.2s ease-out 0s, -webkit-transform 1.2s ease-out 0s; user-select: auto !important; width: 10000px;">
<li style="display: block; float: left; height: 162px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; list-style: none; margin: 0px 6px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important; width: 472px;"><a href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-6935707/Heartwarming-footage-shows-toddler-born-BACKWARDS-LEGS-walking.html" style="background-color: whitesmoke; color: black; cursor: pointer; display: block; float: left; font-weight: 700; height: 60px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 1px; min-height: 1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: auto !important; width: 234px;"><img height="60" src="https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2019/04/18/11/12427768-0-image-m-70_1555582092637.jpg" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 60px; left: 0px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important; width: 62px;" width="62" /><span style="display: block; font-size: 13px; height: 50px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; line-height: 17px; overflow: hidden; padding: 5px 10px 0px 72px; user-select: auto !important; width: auto;">Heartwarming footage shows a toddler 'who was born with...</span></a><a href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-6935481/Drug-used-treat-high-blood-pressure-relieve-Parkinsons-Huntingtons-Alzheimers.html" style="background-color: whitesmoke; color: black; cursor: pointer; display: block; float: left; font-weight: 700; height: 60px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 1px; min-height: 1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: auto !important; width: 234px;"><img height="60" src="https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2019/04/18/10/12425530-0-image-m-11_1555578484447.jpg" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 60px; left: 0px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important; width: 62px;" width="62" /><span style="display: block; font-size: 13px; height: 50px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; line-height: 17px; overflow: hidden; padding: 5px 10px 0px 72px; user-select: auto !important; width: auto;">Drug used to treat high blood pressure could relieve...</span></a><a href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-6932777/Mother-varicose-veins-painful-struggled-walk-refused-NHS-treatment-TWELVE-times.html" style="background-color: whitesmoke; color: black; cursor: pointer; display: block; float: left; font-weight: 700; height: 60px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 1px; min-height: 1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: auto !important; width: 234px;"><img height="60" src="https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2019/04/17/17/12395536-0-image-m-38_1555517031724.jpg" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 60px; left: 0px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important; width: 62px;" width="62" /><span style="display: block; font-size: 13px; height: 50px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; line-height: 17px; overflow: hidden; padding: 5px 10px 0px 72px; user-select: auto !important; width: auto;">Mother with varicose veins so painful she struggled to walk...</span></a><a href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-6933911/Doctors-use-HIV-gene-therapy-fix-bubble-boy-disease.html" style="background-color: whitesmoke; color: black; cursor: pointer; display: block; float: left; font-weight: 700; height: 60px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 1px; min-height: 1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: auto !important; width: 234px;"><img height="60" src="https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2019/04/18/10/12422582-0-image-a-11_1555578408309.jpg" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 60px; left: 0px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important; width: 62px;" width="62" /><span style="display: block; font-size: 13px; height: 50px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; line-height: 17px; overflow: hidden; padding: 5px 10px 0px 72px; user-select: auto !important; width: auto;">Scientists use HIV viruses and DNA editing to cure deadly...</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
The vaccine is also not recommended for people who have had surgery to remove their thymus gland, a gland in the chest which is part of the immune system.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
The other victim, who was in their 40s, had had this operation and died just eight days after having the yellow fever jab.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
The vaccine is known to give safe and effective life-saving protection from a deadly infection, and the MHRA said travellers should continue to get it because of the danger of yellow fever. </div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
An MHRA spokesperson said 'Yellow fever is serious and potentially fatal. </div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
'Protection against the disease is essential for anyone travelling to an area where it is known to exist, and vaccination is the best form of protection. </div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
'The risk of serious, life-threatening reactions is rare, at around 1 in 100,000 vaccinees.</div>
<div class="art-ins mol-factbox floatRHS health" data-permabox-url="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-6935925/Two-British-people-DIE-receiving-yellow-fever-vaccines.html" data-version="2" id="mol-86886990-61e6-11e9-b4d7-3b76b77b3963" style="background-color: #f7fdef; border-top: 4px solid rgb(51, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; clear: none; float: right; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px 0px 16px 16px; min-height: 50px; padding: 12px 16px 0px; user-select: auto !important; width: 308px;">
<h3 class="mol-factbox-title" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(51, 204, 204); color: #33cccc; font-size: 24px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; line-height: 28px; margin: 0px 0px 12px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px 0px 12px; user-select: auto !important;">
CAN VACCINES MAKE YOU ILL?</h3>
<div class="ins cleared mol-factbox-body" style="color: #666666; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; line-height: 21px; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 12px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Live vaccines, such as the one given to protect against yellow fever, work by injecting a weakened but still living form of the virus into the body.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 12px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
The purpose of this is to train the body how to make the right antibodies to fight off the virus, so it can remember how to do so in future.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 12px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
However, if someone's immune system is weakened – by cancer, pregnancy, HIV or age, for example – it may be unable to destroy even the weakened form of the virus.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 12px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
If this happens, it's possible the injected virus can survive, take hold and cause the infection it was intended to prevent. </div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 12px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
If this happens the symptoms are usually milder than the real disease.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 12px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
People who have had live vaccines may also be able to transmit an illness to someone with a weakened immune system, so should stay away from them after the jab. </div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 12px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Live vaccines given in the UK include those for: rotavirus, MMR, flu (nasal only), shingles, chickenpox, tuberculosis, yellow fever and typhoid (oral only). They are all proven to be effective and side effects are rare.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 12px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Source:<a class="class" href="http://vk.ovg.ox.ac.uk/faqs-about-vaccines#vaccines-cause-disease" rel="nofollow" style="color: #003580; cursor: pointer; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank"> Vaccine Knowledge Project, University of Oxford </a></div>
</div>
<div class="socialContainer-1Yly1" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; padding: 16px 0px; text-align: right; user-select: auto !important;">
<a class="socialButton-1cHF8 facebook" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" style="color: #003580; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px 0px 0px 16px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-align: center; user-select: auto !important; width: 24px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 9.05 18.18" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="m6 19.09h-4v-9.09h-2v-3.13h2v-1.87c0-2.57 1.14-4.09 4.35-4.09h2.65v3.09h-1.64c-1.25 0-1.36.48-1.36 1.3v1.57h3l-.3 3.13h-2.7z" transform="translate(0 -.91)"></path></svg></a><a class="socialButton-1cHF8 twitter" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" style="color: #003580; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px 0px 0px 16px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-align: center; user-select: auto !important; width: 24px;"><svg viewbox="0 0 19.91 16.36" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="m17.72 3.4a4.13 4.13 0 0 0 1.8-2.29 8.13 8.13 0 0 1-2.59 1 4.06 4.06 0 0 0-3-1.3 4.11 4.11 0 0 0-4.08 4.14 4.18 4.18 0 0 0 .11.94 11.56 11.56 0 0 1-8.42-4.32 4.17 4.17 0 0 0 1.26 5.52 4 4 0 0 1-1.8-.52s0 0 0 .05a4.12 4.12 0 0 0 3.28 4.05 4 4 0 0 1-1.84.07 4.1 4.1 0 0 0 3.76 2.88 8.14 8.14 0 0 1-5.07 1.77 8.26 8.26 0 0 1-1-.06 11.47 11.47 0 0 0 6.26 1.86 11.61 11.61 0 0 0 11.61-11.76c0-.18 0-.36 0-.53a8.35 8.35 0 0 0 2-2.14 8.11 8.11 0 0 1-2.28.64z" transform="translate(-.15 -.82)"></path></svg></a><a class="socialButton-1cHF8 copyToClipboard" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" style="color: #003580; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px 0px 0px 16px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-align: center; user-select: auto !important; width: 24px;"><svg height="20" viewbox="0 0 20 20" width="20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M12.854 8.333l-4.521 4.521c-.49.49-1.302.47-1.815-.044-.514-.513-.533-1.326-.044-1.815l4.521-4.521c.489-.489 1.301-.47 1.815.044.513.513.533 1.326.044 1.815zM9.842 1.706c2.046-2.047 5.447-1.964 7.596.184 2.148 2.149 2.23 5.55.184 7.596L15.3 11.81c-.493.493-1.312.473-1.83-.045-.517-.517-.537-1.335-.045-1.828l2.499-2.5-.003-.002c.967-1.068.894-2.76-.186-3.84-1.081-1.082-2.773-1.154-3.842-.187a2.623 2.623 0 0 0-.185.185l-1.704 1.704v-.004l-.61.61c-.494.493-1.313.473-1.83-.044-.518-.518-.538-1.337-.045-1.83l2.324-2.323zm.094 11.718c.493-.492 1.312-.472 1.829.046.517.517.537 1.336.044 1.83l-2.323 2.323c-2.047 2.046-5.448 1.963-7.596-.185-2.149-2.149-2.231-5.55-.185-7.596L4.03 7.519c.493-.493 1.312-.473 1.83.044.517.517.537 1.337.044 1.83l-.61.61h.003l-1.703 1.704a2.623 2.623 0 0 0-.185.185c-.967 1.07-.895 2.761.186 3.842 1.08 1.08 2.773 1.153 3.841.187l.003.002 2.498-2.499z" fill-rule="evenodd" fill="#1BAAD0"></path></svg><div style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
</a><a class="socialButton-1cHF8 mailto" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" style="color: #003580; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 16px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px 0px 0px 16px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-align: center; user-select: auto !important; width: 24px;" target="_blank"><svg viewbox="0 0 21.66 15.19" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="m1 0l9.73 9.49 9.89-9.49z"></path><path d="m7.46 9l-6.46 6.19h19.07l-6.3-6.12-3.15 3.03z"></path><path d="m0 13.08l6.25-6-6.25-6.08z"></path><path d="m21.66 13.86v-12.86l-6.66 6.39z"></path></svg></a></div>
</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
'The potential risks associated with yellow fever vaccines must be balanced with the benefits in terms of protection from infection.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
'Vaccine safety is of paramount importance and we continually monitor the safety of vaccines.' </div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
And the government body warned medics to thoroughly check all patients before giving it to them. </div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
In a report it said: 'When a person presents for yellow fever immunisation, it is important that healthcare professionals clearly discuss with them the individual risks and benefits of the vaccine based on their specific travel itinerary. </div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
'Sufficient time should be set aside to ensure that the person is immune competent and has no [reasons they shouldn't have] the vaccine, including a review of full medical history and any available medical records.'</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
YEL-AVD triggers a similar illness to yellow fever caught from a mosquito, which leaves patients with fevers, headaches, vomiting and muscle pain.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
In severe cases it can progress to uncontrollable bleeding and lead to multiple organ failure and death.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
While wild yellow fever has a death rate of around 50 per cent among patients with symptoms, YEL-AVD kills more than 60 per cent of patients, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
The vaccine can trigger yellow fever in people with particularly weak immune systems because it uses a live form of the virus.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
A healthy body destroys the weakened virus and remembers how to do it, making the person immune, but if the body is too feeble to do this the virus can take hold and trigger illness.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Other people who may be too unprotected to have the yellow fever vaccine include pregnant women, HIV or cancer patients and babies under nine months old.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
As many as one in three people may have side effects such as headache, soreness or mild fever after having the jab, but these should pass within a fortnight. </div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
The yellow fever vaccine, known as Stamaril, is given in a single injection and is not freely available on the NHS – it usually costs between £60 and £80.</div>
<div class="moduleFull mol-video" style="clear: both; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px 0px 16px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<div style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<div itemprop="video" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/VideoObject" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="item" style="font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="vjs-video-container vjs-fixed vjs-span-two-col health" id="v-1069947234999251154" style="background-color: black; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important; width: 636px !important;">
<div class="video-js vjs-default-skin vjs-paused vjs-controls-enabled mol-fe-animated-preview mol-empty-playlist vjs-visually-ready vjs-user-inactive" data-opts="{"linkBaseURL":"https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-6935925/Two-British-people-DIE-receiving-yellow-fever-vaccines.html#v-1069947234999251154","isMobile":false,"duration":42000,"src":"https://videos.dailymail.co.uk/video/mol/2019/03/26/1069947234999251154/1024x576_MP4_1069947234999251154.mp4","source":"bbc breakfast","playerId":"default","title":"Hancock believes government must do more on anti-vaccination myths","preload":"none","initialVideo":true,"thumbnail":"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2019/03/26/09/11465240-0-image-a-10_1553591355147.jpg","poster":"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2019/03/26/09/11465240-0-image-m-11_1553591355712.jpg","syndicationService":null,"shortURL":"https://mol.im/a/6935925#v-1069947234999251154","plugins":{"social-share":{"embedUrl":"https://www.dailymail.co.uk/embed/video/1890822.html"},"autoplay-next-video":{"videos":"https://www.dailymail.co.uk/api/player/1890822/related-videos.json","countdown_time":10},"ads-setup":{"adsEnabled":false,"screen":{"width":636,"height":358}},"sources":{"url":"https://www.dailymail.co.uk/api/player/1069947234999251154/video-sources.json"},"flyout":{"viewportOffset":0.4,"switchBack":true,"forceFlyout":{"active":true,"muted":true,"switchBack":false}},"tracking":{"channelShortName":"health","sponsored":null,"referenceId":1890822,"trackingType":"embedded"},"animated-preview":{"data-hd-fps":7,"displayName":null,"data-hd-frame-count":66,"frames":142,"width":636,"src":"https://videos.dailymail.co.uk/preview/mol/2019/03/26/1157453998430336834/636x382_JPG-SINGLE_1157453998430336834.jpg","fps":0,"data-film":"https://videos.dailymail.co.uk/preview/mol/2019/03/26/1157453998430336834/308x174_JPG_1157453998430336834.jpg","data-fps":7,"data-video":"https://videos.dailymail.co.uk/preview/mol/2019/03/26/1157453998430336834/636x382_MP4_1157453998430336834.mp4","data-hd-film":"https://videos.dailymail.co.uk/preview/mol/2019/03/26/1157453998430336834/636x382_JPG-HD_1157453998430336834.jpg","data-hd-frame-width":636,"data-frame-height":184,"data-frame-width":308,"data-frame-count":66,"height":382,"data-hd-frame-height":382},"related-videos":{"videos":"https://www.dailymail.co.uk/api/player/1890822/related-videos.json"}},"videoId":"1069947234999251154","descr":"Interviewed on BBC Breakfast, the Health Secretary Matt Hancock said that the Government must do more to crack down on 'damaging' anti-vaccination myths. He also suggested spreading lies about vaccines online could become illegal.","referenceId":1890822,"grapeshot":{"article":{"articleURL":"https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-6935925/Two-British-people-DIE-receiving-yellow-fever-vaccines.html"}}}" id="vjs_video_3" preload="none" style="bottom: 0px; color: #b1b1b1; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; height: 150px; left: 0px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; opacity: 1; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.2s ease-in-out 0s; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle; width: 300px;">
<div class="vjs-title" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; box-sizing: border-box !important; color: white; font-size: 18px; font-weight: 600; height: 36px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; line-height: 36px; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; user-select: auto !important; width: 636px; z-index: 1;">
<div class="vjs-title-text" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px 10px; user-select: auto !important;">
<div style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Hancock believes government must do more on anti-vaccination myths</div>
</div>
</div>
<video class="vjs-tech" data-opts="{"linkBaseURL":"https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-6935925/Two-British-people-DIE-receiving-yellow-fever-vaccines.html#v-1069947234999251154","isMobile":false,"duration":42000,"src":"https://videos.dailymail.co.uk/video/mol/2019/03/26/1069947234999251154/1024x576_MP4_1069947234999251154.mp4","source":"bbc breakfast","playerId":"default","title":"Hancock believes government must do more on anti-vaccination myths","preload":"none","initialVideo":true,"thumbnail":"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2019/03/26/09/11465240-0-image-a-10_1553591355147.jpg","poster":"https://i.dailymail.co.uk/1s/2019/03/26/09/11465240-0-image-m-11_1553591355712.jpg","syndicationService":null,"shortURL":"https://mol.im/a/6935925#v-1069947234999251154","plugins":{"social-share":{"embedUrl":"https://www.dailymail.co.uk/embed/video/1890822.html"},"autoplay-next-video":{"videos":"https://www.dailymail.co.uk/api/player/1890822/related-videos.json","countdown_time":10},"ads-setup":{"adsEnabled":false,"screen":{"width":636,"height":358}},"sources":{"url":"https://www.dailymail.co.uk/api/player/1069947234999251154/video-sources.json"},"flyout":{"viewportOffset":0.4,"switchBack":true,"forceFlyout":{"active":true,"muted":true,"switchBack":false}},"tracking":{"channelShortName":"health","sponsored":null,"referenceId":1890822,"trackingType":"embedded"},"animated-preview":{"data-hd-fps":7,"displayName":null,"data-hd-frame-count":66,"frames":142,"width":636,"src":"https://videos.dailymail.co.uk/preview/mol/2019/03/26/1157453998430336834/636x382_JPG-SINGLE_1157453998430336834.jpg","fps":0,"data-film":"https://videos.dailymail.co.uk/preview/mol/2019/03/26/1157453998430336834/308x174_JPG_1157453998430336834.jpg","data-fps":7,"data-video":"https://videos.dailymail.co.uk/preview/mol/2019/03/26/1157453998430336834/636x382_MP4_1157453998430336834.mp4","data-hd-film":"https://videos.dailymail.co.uk/preview/mol/2019/03/26/1157453998430336834/636x382_JPG-HD_1157453998430336834.jpg","data-hd-frame-width":636,"data-frame-height":184,"data-frame-width":308,"data-frame-count":66,"height":382,"data-hd-frame-height":382},"related-videos":{"videos":"https://www.dailymail.co.uk/api/player/1890822/related-videos.json"}},"videoId":"1069947234999251154","descr":"Interviewed on BBC Breakfast, the Health Secretary Matt Hancock said that the Government must do more to crack down on 'damaging' anti-vaccination myths. He also suggested spreading lies about vaccines online could become illegal.","referenceId":1890822,"grapeshot":{"article":{"articleURL":"https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-6935925/Two-British-people-DIE-receiving-yellow-fever-vaccines.html"}}}" id="vjs_video_3_html5_api" preload="none" style="bottom: 50px; display: block; height: calc(100% - 86px); left: 0px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 36px; user-select: auto !important; width: 636px;"></video><div style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
<video data-mol-fe-video-preview="" loop="" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; bottom: 50px; float: none; height: 358px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; position: absolute; top: 36px; user-select: auto !important; width: 636px; z-index: 2 !important;"></video><div aria-label="play video" aria-live="polite" class="vjs-big-play-button" role="button" style="background-color: rgba(51, 204, 204, 0.8); cursor: pointer; height: 100px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0px; text-align: center; top: 36px; user-select: auto !important; width: 300px; z-index: 3;" tabindex="0">
<span aria-hidden="true" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; user-select: auto !important;"></span></div>
<div class="vjs-control-bar" style="bottom: 0px; height: 50px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; user-select: auto !important; width: 636px; z-index: 1001;">
<div class="vjs-progress-control vjs-control" style="bottom: 50px; cursor: default; font-size: 3px; height: 1em; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; transition: height 0.4s ease 0s; user-select: auto !important; width: 636px;">
<div aria-label="video progress bar" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuenow="0" aria-valuetext="0:00" class="vjs-progress-holder vjs-slider" role="slider" style="background-color: rgba(51, 51, 51, 0.9); cursor: pointer; height: 6px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important;" tabindex="0">
<div class="vjs-load-progress" style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2); height: 6px; left: 0px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important; width: 0px;">
<span class="vjs-control-text" style="border: 0px; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px); height: 1px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; user-select: auto !important; width: 1px;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; user-select: auto !important;">Loaded</span>: 0%</span></div>
<div class="vjs-play-progress" style="background: no-repeat rgb(51, 204, 204); height: 6px; left: 0px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: auto !important; width: 4.5px;">
<span class="vjs-control-text" style="border: 0px; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px); height: 1px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; user-select: auto !important; width: 1px;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; user-select: auto !important;">Progress</span>: 0%</span></div>
<div aria-live="off" class="vjs-seek-handle vjs-slider-handle" style="height: 6px; left: 0px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; user-select: auto !important; width: 1.5em;">
<span class="vjs-control-text" style="border: 0px; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px); height: 1px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; user-select: auto !important; width: 1px;">0:00</span></div>
</div>
</div>
<div aria-live="polite" class="mol-previous-control vjs-control" role="button" style="cursor: pointer; float: left; height: 50px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important; width: 50px;" tabindex="0">
<div class="vjs-control-content" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<span class="vjs-control-text" style="border: 0px; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px); height: 1px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; user-select: auto !important; width: 1px;">Previous</span></div>
</div>
<div aria-live="polite" class="vjs-play-control vjs-control " role="button" style="border-left: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2); cursor: pointer; float: left; height: 50px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important; width: 50px;" tabindex="0">
<div class="vjs-control-content" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<span class="vjs-control-text" style="border: 0px; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px); height: 1px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; user-select: auto !important; width: 1px;">Play</span></div>
</div>
<div aria-live="polite" class="mol-skip-control vjs-control" role="button" style="border-left: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2); cursor: pointer; float: left; height: 50px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important; width: 50px;" tabindex="0">
<div class="vjs-control-content" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<span class="vjs-control-text" style="border: 0px; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px); height: 1px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; user-select: auto !important; width: 1px;">Skip</span></div>
</div>
<div aria-haspopup="true" aria-live="polite" class="vjs-volume-menu-button vjs-menu-button vjs-control vjs-vol-3" role="button" style="border-left: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2); cursor: pointer; float: left; height: 50px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: relative; user-select: auto !important; width: 50px;" tabindex="0">
<div style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<span class="vjs-control-text" style="border: 0px; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px); height: 1px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; user-select: auto !important; width: 1px;">Mute</span></div>
<div class="vjs-menu" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
</div>
<div class="vjs-timer-controls vjs-control" style="border-left: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2); float: left; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; line-height: 50px; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-align: center; user-select: auto !important; width: auto;">
<div class="vjs-current-time vjs-time-controls vjs-control" style="float: left; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px 0px 0px 10px; min-height: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important;">
<div aria-live="off" class="vjs-current-time-display" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<span class="vjs-control-text" style="border: 0px; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px); height: 1px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; user-select: auto !important; width: 1px;">Current Time</span>0:00</div>
</div>
<div class="vjs-time-divider" style="float: left; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px 5px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<div style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<span style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; user-select: auto !important;">/</span></div>
</div>
<div class="vjs-duration vjs-time-controls vjs-control" style="float: left; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px 10px 0px 0px; min-height: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important;">
<div aria-live="off" class="vjs-duration-display" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<span class="vjs-control-text" style="border: 0px; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px); height: 1px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; user-select: auto !important; width: 1px;">Duration Time</span>0:42</div>
</div>
</div>
<div aria-live="polite" class="vjs-fullscreen-control vjs-control " role="button" style="border-left: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2); cursor: pointer; float: right; height: 50px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important; width: 50px;" tabindex="0">
<div class="vjs-control-content" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<span class="vjs-control-text" style="border: 0px; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px); height: 1px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: absolute; user-select: auto !important; width: 1px;">Fullscreen</span></div>
</div>
<div class="vjs-social-controls vjs-control" style="border-left: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2); float: right; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 0px; outline: none; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px 5px 0px 10px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important; width: auto;">
<div aria-live="polite" class="vjs-social-share-control vjs-control vjs-social-share-control-embed-button" role="button" style="float: right; height: 50px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px 5px 0px 0px; min-height: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important; width: 30px;" tabindex="0">
</div>
<div aria-live="polite" class="vjs-social-share-control vjs-control vjs-social-share-control-link-button" role="button" style="float: right; height: 50px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px 5px 0px 0px; min-height: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important; width: 30px;" tabindex="0">
</div>
<div aria-live="polite" class="vjs-social-share-control vjs-control vjs-social-share-control-share-button" role="button" style="float: right; height: 50px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px 5px 0px 0px; min-height: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important; width: 30px;" tabindex="0">
</div>
<div aria-live="polite" class="vjs-social-share-control vjs-control vjs-social-share-control-mail-button" role="button" style="float: right; height: 50px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px 5px 0px 0px; min-height: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important; width: 30px;" tabindex="0">
</div>
<div aria-live="polite" class="vjs-social-share-control vjs-control vjs-social-share-control-twitter-button" role="button" style="float: right; height: 50px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px 5px 0px 0px; min-height: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important; width: 30px;" tabindex="0">
</div>
<div aria-live="polite" class="vjs-social-share-control vjs-control vjs-social-share-control-facebook-button" role="button" style="float: right; height: 50px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px 5px 0px 0px; min-height: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; position: relative; user-select: auto !important; width: 30px;" tabindex="0">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="art-ins mol-factbox health" data-permabox-url="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-6935925/Two-British-people-DIE-receiving-yellow-fever-vaccines.html" data-version="2" id="mol-ebb06890-61e6-11e9-b4d7-3b76b77b3963" style="background-color: #f7fdef; border-top: 4px solid rgb(51, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px 0px 16px; min-height: 50px; padding: 16px 24px 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<h3 class="mol-factbox-title" style="background-color: transparent; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(51, 204, 204); color: #33cccc; font-size: 34px; letter-spacing: -0.01em; line-height: 38px; margin: 0px 0px 12px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px 0px 16px; user-select: auto !important;">
WHAT IS YELLOW FEVER?</h3>
<div class="ins cleared mol-factbox-body" style="color: #666666; letter-spacing: -0.01em; line-height: 23px; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Yellow fever is a tropical viral disease usually spread by mosquito bites. </div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
The virus is most commonly found in sub-Saharan Africa, South and Central America, and the Caribbean.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
It is believed to infect around 200,000 people each year and to kill 30,000 of them. Most of these cases – around 90 per cent – happen in Africa.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
As many as 50 per cent of people who develop severe symptoms, which include fever, muscle pain and soreness, bleeding and vomiting, end up dying of the disease.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
People die as a result of the disease causing multiple organ failure and potentially triggering shock.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
There is no medicine which can cure yellow fever after someone is infected, but there is a very effective vaccine – which travellers to at risk areas can buy – which gives most people lifelong immunity from a single dose.</div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Source: <a class="class" href="https://www.cdc.gov/yellowfever/symptoms/index.html" rel="nofollow" style="color: #003580; cursor: pointer; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; user-select: auto !important;" target="_blank">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</a></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<br /></div>
<div class="mol-para-with-font" style="letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 16px; min-height: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<a href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-6935925/Two-British-people-DIE-receiving-yellow-fever-vaccines.html" target="_blank">Source</a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-3171565897875952922019-04-17T00:23:00.001-07:002019-04-17T00:23:13.943-07:00Ebola Spread Concentrated in Congo, Not a Wider Emergency - WHO, April 2019<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div id="article-content" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: proxima_nova_rgregular, sans-serif; font-size: 1.25rem; line-height: 1.625rem; user-select: auto !important;">
<div class="csdpages" id="pageN_1" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 0px 15px; user-select: auto !important;">
GENEVA/LONDON (Reuters) - An outbreak of Ebola in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) that has killed more than 700 people and is continuing to spread does not constitute an international emergency, the World Health Organization said on Friday.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 0px 15px; user-select: auto !important;">
Declaring the epidemic a "public health emergency of international concern" would have signalled that greater resources and international coordination are needed.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 0px 15px; user-select: auto !important;">
The WHO's independent Emergency Committee, which analysed the latest data, said the disease was entrenched in several epicentres in the northeast and was being transmitted in health care settings.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 0px 15px; user-select: auto !important;">
It had not spread across borders to Uganda, Rwanda or South Sudan, but neighbouring countries should shore up their preparedness, the experts said.</div>
<div class="txtAd520SpcHolder" id="plcHold-520" style="box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 0px 15px; user-select: auto !important;">
"It was an almost unanimous vote that this would not constitute a PHEIC (public health emergency of international concern) because we are moderately optimistic that this outbreak can be brought into control - not immediately, but still within a foreseeable time," panel chairman Professor Robert Steffen told a news conference.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 0px 15px; user-select: auto !important;">
Dozens of new cases reported this week have been mainly in the epicentres of Butembe, Katwe and Vuhovi, said Mike Ryan, head of the WHO's health emergencies programme.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 0px 15px; user-select: auto !important;">
"It's quite a focused amplification of disease in a very specific geographic area," Ryan said.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 0px 15px; user-select: auto !important;">
"But the disease there has risen because of lack of access to that community, we've fallen behind in starting vaccination rings," he said, referring to attacks on health centres by armed groups in February that cut-off hotspot areas.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 0px 15px; user-select: auto !important;">
"Vaccine is proving to be a highly effective way of stopping this virus but if we can't vaccinate people we cannot protect them," he added, noting that nearly 100,000 people have been vaccinated.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 0px 15px; user-select: auto !important;">
Experts have declared four emergencies in the past decade: the H1N1 virus that caused an influenza pandemic (2009), a major Ebola outbreak in West Africa (2014), polio (2014) and Zika virus (2016).</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 0px 15px; user-select: auto !important;">
Some experts expressed concern that the Emergency Committee was too narrowly interpreting WHO guidelines.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 0px 15px; user-select: auto !important;">
"This is a deeply concerning event, due to the pathogen itself, the total number of cases, the increase in cases just this week, and the difficulty of coordinating the response due to conflict - that needs to receive the appropriate level of attention," health experts Rebecca Katz and Alexandra Phelan of Georgetown University in Washington D.C. said in a statement.</div>
<div class="txtAd420SpcHolder" id="plcHold-420" style="box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 0px 15px; user-select: auto !important;">
The Ebola outbreak - by far the biggest Congo has seen, and the world's second largest in history - was declared by national authorities in August. It is concentrated in Congo's North Kivu and Ituri provinces.</div>
<div class="inContentAd" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 0px 15px; user-select: auto !important;">
It has already infected at least 1,206 people, of whom 764 have died - giving a death rate of 63 percent.</div>
<div class="inContentAd" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 0px 15px; user-select: auto !important;">
They include 20 new cases reported by the health ministry on Thursday, another one-day record after 18 on Wednesday. Two workers at the Butembo airport tested positive, it said.</div>
<div class="inContentAd" style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-layers" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: proxima_nova_rgregular, sans-serif; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 30px; max-width: 43.125rem; user-select: auto !important;">
<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;"></ul>
</div>
<div class="toolbar-container" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: proxima_nova_rgregular, sans-serif; user-select: auto !important;">
</div>
<div id="legal_block" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #2a2a2a; font-family: proxima_nova_rgregular, sans-serif; font-size: 0.75rem; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 20px; max-width: 43.125rem; user-select: auto !important;">
<bkmtr-front style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;" xmlns:dctm="http://www.documentum.com" xmlns:fmt="http://java.sun.com/jstl/fmt" xmlns:jsp="jsp"></bkmtr-front><div style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Reuters Health Information © 2019 </div>
<div id="citation" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-style: italic; line-height: 0.875rem; padding: 15px 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
Cite this: Ebola Spread Concentrated in Congo, Not a Wider Emergency - WHO - <i style="box-sizing: border-box; user-select: auto !important;">Medscape</i> - Apr 12, 2019.</div>
<div id="citation" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-style: italic; line-height: 0.875rem; padding: 15px 0px; user-select: auto !important;">
<a href="https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/911782?src=wnl_edit_tpal&uac=21967EZ&impID=1938819&faf=1" target="_blank">Source</a></div>
</div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-9384004379750598152018-06-30T06:20:00.000-07:002018-06-30T06:20:11.630-07:00Singapore tightens entry regulations to prevent yellow fever, June 2018<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="ExternalClass08A67E4DC23042B088873070D7CE8FDC" style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">
<strong>Singapore (VNA) –</strong> The Singaporean Ministry of Health is considering adjustments to the Infectious Disease Act’s articles, especially those on denied entry to the country to prevent yellow fever virus.<br /><br />The Southeast Asian country has listed Congo, Ethiopia, Paraguay, Brazil, Argentina and Peru among 42 African and South American countries in the endemic areas of the yellow fever virus.<br /><br />Accordingly, all passengers, comprising children from one year old, from those nations, or international tourists once residing and transiting through the 42 countries for more than 12 hours in the latest six days, have to show up proof of yellow fever vaccination, or else they will be denied entering the country.<br /><br />The ministry said that although there are yet no reported cases of yellow fever in Singapore, any importation of the disease to the nation will make it soon become an epidemic there due to the presence of Aedes mosquito vector.<br /><br />Yellow fever is a mosquito borne acute viral haemorrhagic disease caused by the yellow fever virus. It is transmitted by the bite of an infected Aedes aegypti mosquito.</div>
<div class="ExternalClass08A67E4DC23042B088873070D7CE8FDC" style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">
</div>
<div class="ExternalClass08A67E4DC23042B088873070D7CE8FDC" style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">
The disease, which is popular in African and South American countries, is characterised by high fever, nausea and jaundice. It can become more serious, causing heart, liver and kidney problems along with bleeding. Up to 50 percent of people with more-severe form of the fever die.-VNA </div>
<div class="ExternalClass08A67E4DC23042B088873070D7CE8FDC" style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">
<a href="https://en.vietnamplus.vn/singapore-tightens-entry-regulations-to-prevent-yellow-fever/133618.vnp" target="_blank">Source</a></div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-47851497836648115412018-06-29T06:20:00.002-07:002018-06-29T06:20:21.495-07:00A Global Guide For Leery Travelers - Goats and Soda by NPR<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
With its tropical beaches and <a href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/701" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5076b8; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">a memorable national park</a>, Venezuela was a popular destination for American tourists a decade ago. But years of political and economic turmoil have left its tourism industry in tatters.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
Now there's an even more pressing reason to stay out of the country. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) last month issued <a href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/warning/health-infrastructure-breakdown-venezuela" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5076b8; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">a rare "Level 3" warning</a>, urging Americans to avoid nonessential travel to Venezuela. The CDC notes that the country is "experiencing outbreaks of infectious diseases, and adequate health care is currently not available in most of the country." Cases of measles, diphtheria and malaria have been reported.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
"Venezuela's totalitarian regime has made health very tenuous, with many risks, both infectious and noninfectious," says Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
While skipping Venezuela this summer seems like a no-brainer, other health dangers lurk in both mainstream and off-the-beaten-track destinations. Here are some of those threats, along with advice on how to check your destination in advance and take the proper precautions.</div>
<aside aria-label="advertisement" id="ad-backstage-wrap" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="ad-backstage" data-ad-config="{"network":"\/6735\/n6735","site":{"default":"NPR","mobile":"NPRMOBILE"},"zone":"News_Health_Global_Health","targets":{"testserver":"false","storyId":"622347412","agg":["434975886","327351768"],"blog":"327351768"},"location":"backstage","deferred":false,"isBetweenContent":true,"isAggSponsorship":false,"borderClass":""}" id="ad-backstage-News_Health_Global_Health" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">
</div>
</aside><h3 class="edTag" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: "Gotham SSm", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 2.2rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 35px 0px 10px; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
<span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Is my destination too dangerous?</span></h3>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
How do you know if your destination is too hazardous for your health? Checking the <a href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5076b8; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">CDC's Travel Health Notices</a> and the World Health Organization's <a href="http://www.who.int/csr/don/en/" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5076b8; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Disease Outbreak News database</a> will give you an overview of the global health problems this summer.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
For popular tourist destinations, these include:</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
<span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Yellow fever and malaria in Brazil. </span>There's a large, ongoing <a href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/alert/yellow-fever-brazil" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5076b8; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">outbreak of yellow fever in multiple states of Brazil</a>, according to the CDC. The agency recommends vaccinations at least 10 days before travel to affected areas and urges you take precautions to ward off mosquito bites. The <a href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/alert/malaria-brazil" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5076b8; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">malaria warning</a> is confined to the town of Wenceslau Guimarães, in Brazil's Bahia state.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
<span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Malaria and listeriosis in South Africa.</span> U.K. health authorities in March <a href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/alert/malaria-south-africa" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5076b8; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">reported cases of malaria</a> in residents who had returned from the Waterberg district municipality of Limpopo Province. Malaria is most common along South Africa's borders with Zimbabwe and Mozambique. Listeriosis, <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/listeria/faq.html" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5076b8; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">a bacterial infection</a>, is contracted by eating contaminated foods. The CDC has warned travelers to <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/listeria/prevention.html" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5076b8; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">avoid certain foods</a>, such as soft cheese made from unpasteurized milk, to reduce their risk of infection.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
<span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Zika in the Caribbean.</span> The mosquito-borne Zika virus remains a problem in tourist hot spots like Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, the British Virgin Islands, St. Martin, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, and Turks and Caicos. The CDC has warned travelers to take steps to <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/zika/prevention/index.html" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5076b8; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">protect themselves from mosquito bites</a>.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
For travelers headed to remote places, whether for business or adventure, there are significant warnings to consider. These include an <a href="http://www.who.int/csr/don/13-june-2018-ebola-drc/en/" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5076b8; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Ebola Virus Disease outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo</a>, a <a href="http://www.who.int/csr/don/14-june-2018-cholera-cameroon/en/" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5076b8; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">cholera outbreak in Cameroon</a>, and a danger of <a href="http://www.who.int/csr/don/18-june-2018-mers-saudi-arabia/en/" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5076b8; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection, or camel flu, in Saudi Arabia</a>.</div>
<h3 class="edTag" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: "Gotham SSm", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 2.2rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 35px 0px 10px; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
<span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A decision to travel is 'complicated'</span></h3>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
An Ebola outbreak is a reason "for sure" to cancel a trip, says Robert Salata, chairman of medicine and an infectious-disease expert at University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center. But it's not the only reason. If a place you're planning to visit this summer is on the warning list for cholera, other hemorrhagic fevers or Zika, you should strongly consider adding it to your no-visit list, says Salata.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
"Don't just pay attention to the warnings about disease outbreaks," Salata adds. "Review any notices related to ongoing violence or natural disasters." Those can exacerbate a health problem at your destination by making it more difficult to obtain care.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
Travelers should also consider their own health and other individual concerns, says Dan Strickman, a medical entomologist and a senior project officer at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. (The Gates Foundation is a funder of NPR and its global health team.)</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
"It's complicated," he says.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
Take Zika, for example. The mosquito-borne virus, which <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/zika/healtheffects/birth_defects.html" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5076b8; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">can cause birth defects</a>, could be a reason to reconsider your travel plans. But if you aren't of childbearing age, it might not be, says Strickman. A few preventative measures — such as using mosquito repellent and wearing clothing with mosquito-repellent qualities — can substantially reduce the risk of infection.</div>
<h3 class="edTag" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: "Gotham SSm", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 2.2rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 35px 0px 10px; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
<span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 400; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">How to protect yourself — and your vacation</span></h3>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
If you're traveling this summer, it's vital to have a big-picture understanding of health and safety, says Louis Weiss, a professor of pathology at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York. For a primer on the subject, he recommends <a href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/food-water-safety" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5076b8; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">a section of the CDC site devoted to such risks.</a> "Research the health risks and requirements for travel," he advises.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
Another good resource is the <a href="https://www.state.gov/" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5076b8; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">U.S. Department of State website</a>. Earlier this year, it overhauled <a href="https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/traveladvisories/traveladvisories.html" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5076b8; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;">its advisories</a> to more clearly warn travelers of various dangers. (Afghanistan, the Central African Republic, Iran, and Iraq, for instance, rate "do not travel" warnings.)</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
"Travelers leaving the country should be well aware of any travel advisories for their intended destination," says Justin Tysdal, the CEO of Seven Corners, a travel insurance company. That includes popular destinations like England, France and Greece, each of which has its own CDC measles warnings.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
Travel insurance may also be a worth considering. But you have to pore over the fine print before you buy. Medical evacuation coverage on travel insurance can be limited, so you might consider additional coverage through a medical-transport and travel-security membership program such as Medjet. Airfare, activities, or excursions booked through and prepaid to a travel supplier would generally be protected, as long as a health warning isn't already in effect in the destination.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
But experts warn that if a health warning has already been issued, insurance usually won't cover an evacuation or cancellation.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
"You might consider a 'cancel for any reason' policy, which addresses those types of concerns," says Beth Godlin, president of Aon Affinity Travel Practice, a travel insurance company. Those policies are typically more expensive than standard, named-exclusion insurance policies and will refund only a percentage of your vacation costs.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
But whatever kinds of precautions you take, say the travel specialists, don't procrastinate. Once you've bought the tickets, getting a refund may not be possible.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 1.7rem; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.70588; margin-bottom: 1.17647em; max-width: 680px; padding: 0px 15px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">
<em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Christopher Elliott is the founder of </em><a href="http://www.elliott.org/" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5076b8; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Elliott Advocacy</em></a><em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">, a nonprofit organization that empowers consumers to solve their problems and helps those who can't. Email him with your questions at </em><a href="mailto:chris@elliott.org" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5076b8; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">chris@elliott.org</em></a><em style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.</em></div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-49763078648932509392018-06-15T05:18:00.002-07:002018-06-15T05:18:42.801-07:00Yellow fever: A new method for testing vaccine safety, June 2018<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<header style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><div class="toolbar hidden-print hidden-search" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px;">
<div class="article-tools pull-right" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: right; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a class="addthis_button_email btn btn-xs" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" style="background: none transparent; border-radius: 2px; border: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: #7b7b7b; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 5px; padding: 1px 5px; text-align: center; text-transform: uppercase; transition: all 0.1s linear; user-select: none; vertical-align: middle;"><span class="fa fa-envelope" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: FontAwesome; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: 1; text-rendering: auto;"></span><span class="hidden-xs" style="box-sizing: border-box;"> E-MAIL</span></a></div>
</div>
</header><div class="entry" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 23px;">
<figure class="thumbnail pull-right" style="border-radius: 0px; border: none; box-sizing: border-box; float: right; line-height: 1.42857; margin: 0px 0px 20px 34px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out; width: 288px;"><a href="https://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/pub/173139.php" style="background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0088cc; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.1s linear;"><div class="img-wrapper" style="background: rgb(241, 241, 241); border: 1px solid rgb(170, 170, 170); box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; height: 288px; text-align: center; white-space: nowrap; width: 288px;">
<img alt="IMAGE" src="https://media.eurekalert.org/multimedia_prod/pub/web/173139_web.jpg" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; height: auto; max-height: 272px; max-width: 272px; vertical-align: middle; width: auto;" /></div>
</a><figcaption class="caption" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.4; margin-top: 10px; padding: 0px; text-transform: uppercase;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 10px;">
<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600;">IMAGE: </span>THIS IS A BBB-MINIBRAIN TRICULTURE.<a href="https://www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/pub/173139.php" style="background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0088cc; font-weight: 600; text-decoration-line: none; text-transform: none; transition: all 0.1s linear;">view <span class="no-break-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; white-space: nowrap;">more <span class="fa fa-angle-right" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: FontAwesome; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1; text-rendering: auto;"></span></span></a></div>
<div class="credit" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #aaaaaa; line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 10px;">
CREDIT: © MARIE-CHRISTINE CUMONT AND MONIQUE LAFON - INSTITUT PASTEUR</div>
</figcaption></figure><div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px;">
Scientists from the Institut Pasteur, the CNRS and Sanofi Pasteur have recently developed a novel alternative method to animal testing that can be used to verify the safety of vaccines such as the yellow fever vaccine. This original approach is based on the development of an in cellulo device using a 3D culture model, the "BBB-Minibrain", to evaluate the safety of live vaccines for human use. The model was developed by the Institut Pasteur and a patent application has been filed by the Institut Pasteur and Inserm. It raises hopes for a reduction in the use of animals in quality control, especially in the tests carried out by the pharmaceutical industry to meet the requirements of regulatory authorities. The results of this research were published in the journal <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Biologicals</em> in May 2018, and online on March 24th.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px;">
For several years now, following the adoption of EU Directive 2010/63/EU,1 the scientific community has been actively seeking to reduce the practice of animal testing. But in many cases, these efforts are hindered by a lack of acceptable alternatives that satisfy regulatory authorities. This is particularly the case for the regulatory testing required for live viral vaccines, such as the yellow fever vaccine; suppliers must demonstrate that the seed lots used to produce vaccine batches sold on the market do not represent a risk of neurotoxicity. These tests are currently performed on animals, which are monitored for the emergence of any clinical signs in the central nervous system that may suggest neurotoxic side effects.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px;">
Against this backdrop, Institut Pasteur scientists developed a 3D culture model mimicking the human blood-brain interface, the "BBB-Minibrain", in 2014. This model, formed of a blood-brain barrier (BBB) associated with a mixed culture of neurons, astrocytes and microglia (a "minibrain"), can be used to detect when viruses enter the brain through the BBB, their multiplication in the minibrain and the emergence of any neurotoxic effects. A patent application (WO2016038123) was filed for the model.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px;">
The scientists set out to test the BBB-Minibrain's ability to pinpoint and amplify any rare mutant particles with neuroinvasive and neurovirulent properties that are found in seed lots for live viral vaccines. They chose to use two yellow fever virus vaccine strains, including the strain currently used to produce the vaccine, which does not cause neurotoxicity.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px;">
Working with Sanofi Pasteur research teams, they demonstrated that the BBB-Minibrain can be used to identify any rare viral particles in vaccine preparations that have acquired the ability to enter the brain and multiply there. This test therefore paves the way for the rejection of any seed lots containing mutant viruses capable of entering the brain and becoming neurovirulent.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px;">
As Monique Lafon, lead author of the study and Director of the Virology Department at the Institut Pasteur, explains, "replacing animal testing is a major challenge for research. The BBB-Minibrain model is an ingenious tool that will facilitate our analysis of the basis for neurovirulence in these viruses, which colonize the brain via the bloodstream."</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px;">
These findings represent a first proof of concept and feasibility for the development of an alternative test that complies with the "3Rs" principle. Work to develop this test is ongoing. The long-term aim is to secure approval for the new test from regulatory authorities.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px;">
The BBB-Minibrain model raises hopes for the development of an alternative method that can be used by the pharmaceutical industry to perform regulatory tests on live viral vaccines. The aim of this method is to reduce the use of animals while ensuring strict monitoring of any scientific benefits and breakthroughs in the area of human health.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 5px;">
<a href="https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-06/ip-yfa061418.php" target="_blank">Source</a></div>
</div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-9317332150929740042018-06-02T06:21:00.000-07:002018-06-29T06:21:50.388-07:00MOH Singapore seeks measures to curb spread of infectious diseases<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: SelaneTen, Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-right: 50px;">
The Ministry of Health (MOH) wants more powers to curb the spread of infectious diseases here, including stopping individuals who break quarantine from leaving the country, and turning back visitors with a high risk of yellow fever without first offering vaccination.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: SelaneTen, Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-right: 50px;">
Instead of tracking cases, carriers of infectious diseases or contacts in person, the ministry also wants to be able to carry out surveillance remotely, such as through phone calls and video-conferencing.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: SelaneTen, Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-right: 50px;">
MOH, which is seeking public feedback on these changes, said yesterday that as Singapore is a major global trade and travel hub, it is imperative for the country to remain vigilant against new and emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, Ebola and the Middle East respiratory syndrome.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: SelaneTen, Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-right: 50px;">
In coming up with the amendments to the Infectious Diseases Act, MOH said it looked at recent public health threats, including last year's death of a Bangladeshi worker here due to the respiratory disease diphtheria, and the yellow fever outbreak in Brazil, which has affected more than 400 and killed more than 100 since last July.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: SelaneTen, Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-right: 50px;">
A key proposal is to stop high-risk individuals who break isolation or movement restriction orders from leaving the country and to isolate them. This will better reduce the risk of transmissions, compared with the current practice of arresting them.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: SelaneTen, Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-right: 50px;">
There are an average of about two such cases a year, said MOH, citing the example of a patient who repeatedly absconded from the Communicable Disease Centre in 2014 while being treated for tuberculosis. The patient was eventually arrested and charged.</div>
<div id="innity-in-post" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: SelaneTen, Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: SelaneTen, Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: SelaneTen, Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-right: 50px;">
There will also be a more calibrated approach in restricting the movement of cases or carriers. Those who pose a lower risk of transmission may be allowed to visit certain places without strict home quarantine, and to continue working instead of facing a blanket stop-work order.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: SelaneTen, Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-right: 50px;">
Currently, non-citizens from yellow fever-affected countries entering Singapore will have to be vaccinated against yellow fever. Otherwise, they will be subjected to vaccination, isolation or surveillance here.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: SelaneTen, Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-right: 50px;">
MOH wants to have the discretionary powers to return unvaccinated non-citizens from yellow fever-affected countries to their place of embarkation without first offering vaccination, isolation or surveillance, saying that this is in line with international practice.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: SelaneTen, Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-right: 50px;">
Yellow fever, an acute viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes, can be fatal and is found mainly in Africa and Central and South America. There have not been any cases here.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: SelaneTen, Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-right: 50px;">
Experts said the proposed changes are timely. "Modern surveillance using calls or video calls would allow more potential contacts to be screened than a traditional in-person examination," said Associate Professor Alex Cook, vice-dean (research) of the National University of Singapore's Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: SelaneTen, Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-right: 50px;">
Senior consultant Dale Fisher of the National University Hospital's Division of Infectious Diseases said a risk-calibrated surveillance approach is not only more convenient, but also likely less stressful for the individual.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: SelaneTen, Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-right: 50px;">
The public consultation exercise will run until Aug 7.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: SelaneTen, Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif; font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-right: 50px;">
Further information can be found on <a href="http://www.reach.gov.sg/" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5a9ddc; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">www.reach.gov.sg</a> and <a href="http://www.moh.gov.sg/ida2018" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #5a9ddc; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">www.moh.gov.sg/ida2018</a></div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-80328782523744790662018-03-30T06:29:00.001-07:002018-03-30T06:29:21.475-07:00Brazil faces new yellow fever outbreak – and questions over lack of preparedness<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<header class="content__head content__head--article tonal__head tonal__head--tone-news" style="background-color: white; color: #121212; display: grid; font-family: "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; grid-template-areas: "labels headline-standfirst" "meta main-media"; grid-template-columns: 10rem 1fr; margin-left: -10rem;"><div class="content__headline-standfirst-wrapper" style="grid-area: headline-standfirst / headline-standfirst / headline-standfirst / headline-standfirst;">
<div class="content__header tonal__header" style="grid-area: headline / headline / headline / headline;">
<div class="u-cf">
<h1 class="content__headline " itemprop="headline" style="font-family: "Guardian Egyptian Web", "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 2.125rem; font-weight: 400; line-height: 2.375rem; margin: 0px; padding: 0.1875rem 0px 2.25rem;">
Brazil faces new yellow fever outbreak – and questions over lack of preparedness</h1>
<div>
<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/mar/28/brazil-yellow-fever-outbreak-vaccine-preparedness" target="_blank">Source</a></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tonal__standfirst u-cf" style="grid-area: standfirst / standfirst / standfirst / standfirst; position: relative;">
<div class="content__standfirst" data-component="standfirst" data-link-name="standfirst" style="border-top: 0px; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.25rem; margin-bottom: 0.75rem; margin-left: 0px; max-width: 33.75rem; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0.125rem;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 0.5rem;">
The country plans to vaccinate its entire population against the lethal mosquito-borne disease but specialists doubt its capacity to do so</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="content__meta-container js-content-meta js-football-meta u-cf
content__meta-container--twitter
" style="align-self: start; background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(rgb(220, 220, 220), rgb(220, 220, 220) 0.0625rem, transparent 0.0625rem, transparent 0.25rem); background-position: center top; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: 0.0625rem 0.8125rem; grid-area: meta / meta / meta / meta; height: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.375rem; min-height: 2.25rem; padding-top: 0.9375rem; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 8.75rem;">
<div class="meta__contact-wrap" style="float: left; max-width: 100%; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px;">
<div class="byline" data-component="meta-byline" data-link-name="byline" style="border-top: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; color: #c70000; font-size: 1rem; font-style: italic; line-height: 1.25rem; margin-bottom: -0.875rem; margin-top: -0.1875rem; min-height: 0px; padding-bottom: 1.125rem; padding-top: 0.25rem; width: 140px;">
<span itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: 700;"><a class="tone-colour" data-link-name="auto tag link" href="https://www.theguardian.com/profile/dom-phillips" itemprop="sameAs" rel="author" style="background: transparent; color: #c70000; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none; touch-action: manipulation;">Dom Phillips</a></span> in Rio de Janeiro</div>
<div class="meta__twitter meta__contact-method" style="display: inline-block; font-family: "Guardian Text Sans Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, "Lucida Grande", sans-serif; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1rem; margin: 0px 0px -0.125rem; padding-right: 0.625rem;">
<a data-component="meta-twitter-handle" data-link-name="twitter-handle" href="https://twitter.com/domphillips" style="background: transparent; color: #767676; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none; touch-action: manipulation;"><span class="inline-twitter-bird inline-icon i-left" style="fill: rgb(118, 118, 118);"><svg class="i-left__svg inline-twitter-bird__svg inline-icon__svg" height="14" viewbox="-298 390 14 14" width="14"><path d="M-284 392.6c-.5.2-1.1.4-1.6.5.6-.4 1-.9 1.3-1.6-.6.3-1.2.6-1.8.7-.5-.6-1.3-.9-2.1-.9-1.6 0-2.9 1.3-2.9 2.9 0 .2 0 .4.1.7-2.4-.1-4.5-1.3-5.9-3-.2.4-.4.9-.4 1.4 0 1 .5 1.9 1.3 2.4-.5 0-.9-.1-1.3-.4 0 1.4 1 2.6 2.3 2.8-.2.1-.5.1-.8.1-.2 0-.4 0-.5-.1.4 1.1 1.4 2 2.7 2-1 .8-2.2 1.2-3.6 1.2h-.7c1.3.8 2.8 1.3 4.4 1.3 5.3 0 8.2-4.4 8.2-8.2v-.4c.3-.2.8-.8 1.3-1.4"></path></svg> </span>@domphillips</a></div>
<div aria-hidden="true" class="content__dateline" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #767676; font-family: "Guardian Text Sans Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, "Lucida Grande", sans-serif; font-size: 0.75rem; line-height: 1rem; margin-bottom: -0.25rem; margin-top: -0.1875rem; min-height: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.75rem; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0.125rem; position: relative;">
<time class="content__dateline-wpd js-wpd content__dateline-wpd--modified" data-timestamp="1522220415000" datetime="2018-03-28T08:00:15+0100" itemprop="datePublished" style="cursor: pointer; display: inline-block;">Wed 28 Mar 2018 <span class="content__dateline-time">08.00 BST</span></time><time class="content__dateline-lm js-lm u-h" data-timestamp="1522321719000" datetime="2018-03-29T12:08:39+0100" itemprop="dateModified" style="border: 0px !important; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px) !important; display: inline-block; height: 0.0625rem !important; margin: -0.0625rem !important; overflow: hidden !important; padding-bottom: 0px !important; padding-left: 0px !important; padding-right: 0px !important; padding-top: 0.125rem; position: absolute !important; width: 0.0625rem !important;">Last modified on Thu 29 Mar 2018 <span class="content__dateline-time">12.08 BST</span></time></div>
</div>
<div class="meta__extras " style="-webkit-box-ordinal-group: 6; border: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 2.8125rem; order: 5; position: relative;">
<div class="meta__social" data-component="share" style="background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(rgb(220, 220, 220), rgb(220, 220, 220) 0.0625rem, transparent 0.0625rem, transparent 0.25rem); background-position: center top; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: 0.0625rem 0.0625rem; border-top: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 2.8125rem; padding: 0.375rem 0px 0px;">
</div>
<div class="meta__numbers" style="background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(rgb(220, 220, 220), rgb(220, 220, 220) 0.0625rem, transparent 0.0625rem, transparent 0.25rem); background-position: center top; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: 0.0625rem 0.0625rem; border-top: 0px; height: 2.25rem; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.1875rem; padding-top: 0.375rem; position: static; right: 0px; top: 0px;">
<div class="meta__number js-sharecount" style="float: left; height: 36px; min-width: 0.9375rem;" title="Facebook: 111">
<h3 class="sharecount__heading" style="color: #767676; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: normal; height: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.5rem; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0.9375rem; padding-right: 0px; position: relative;">
<span class="inline-share inline-icon" style="fill: rgb(118, 118, 118); left: 0px; margin-top: -0.1875rem; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px;"><svg height="12" viewbox="0 0 12 12" width="12" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M10.073 8.4c-.475 0-.906.19-1.225.497l-5.308-2.676.015-.221-.015-.221 5.308-2.676c.319.308.75.497 1.225.497.982 0 1.778-.806 1.778-1.8s-.796-1.8-1.778-1.8-1.778.806-1.778 1.8l.016.233-5.299 2.675c-.32-.313-.755-.507-1.236-.507-.982 0-1.778.806-1.778 1.8s.796 1.8 1.778 1.8c.48 0 .915-.194 1.236-.507l5.299 2.675-.016.233c0 .994.796 1.8 1.778 1.8s1.778-.806 1.778-1.8-.796-1.8-1.778-1.8zm0-7.68c.588 0 1.067.484 1.067 1.08 0 .596-.479 1.08-1.067 1.08s-1.067-.484-1.067-1.08c0-.596.479-1.08 1.067-1.08zm0 10.56c-.588 0-1.067-.484-1.067-1.08 0-.596.479-1.08 1.067-1.08s1.067.484 1.067 1.08c0 .596-.479 1.08-1.067 1.08z"></path></svg></span><span class="sharecount__text u-h" style="border: 0px !important; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px) !important; height: 0.0625rem !important; margin: -0.0625rem !important; overflow: hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: absolute !important; width: 0.0625rem !important;">Shares</span></h3>
<div class="sharecount__value sharecount__value--short" style="color: #767676; font-family: "Guardian Text Sans Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, "Lucida Grande", sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: -0.0625rem; line-height: 1.125rem; padding-top: 0.15rem;">
111</div>
</div>
<div class="u-h meta__number" data-commentcount-format="content" data-discussion-closed="true" data-discussion-id="/p/8am3a" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-style: initial !important; border-bottom-width: 0px !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220); border-right-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-right-style: initial !important; border-right-width: 0px !important; border-top-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-top-style: initial !important; border-top-width: 0px !important; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px) !important; float: left; height: 1px; margin-bottom: -0.0625rem !important; margin-left: 0.625rem; margin-right: -0.0625rem !important; margin-top: -0.0625rem !important; min-width: 0.9375rem; overflow: hidden !important; padding-bottom: 0px !important; padding-left: 0.625rem; padding-right: 0px !important; padding-top: 0px !important; position: absolute !important; width: 0.0625rem !important;">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<figure class="media-primary media-content () " data-component="image" data-media-id="cbdd8c1347db81a7bdd5fa2ab5b805f0902883e6" id="img-1" itemprop="associatedMedia image" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" style="grid-area: main-media / main-media / main-media / main-media; margin: 0px 0px 0.375rem; position: relative;"><a class="article__img-container js-gallerythumbs" data-is-ajax="" data-link-name="Launch Article Lightbox" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/mar/28/brazil-yellow-fever-outbreak-vaccine-preparedness#img-1" style="background: transparent; color: #c70000; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none; touch-action: manipulation;"><div class="u-responsive-ratio" style="overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 372px; position: relative; width: 620px;">
<picture><source media="(min-width: 980px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 980px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)" sizes="620px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/cbdd8c1347db81a7bdd5fa2ab5b805f0902883e6/0_133_4000_2400/master/4000.jpg?w=620&q=20&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&dpr=2&s=58a3a17b69eda02d4fd9bfedf37de219 1240w"></source><source media="(min-width: 980px)" sizes="620px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/cbdd8c1347db81a7bdd5fa2ab5b805f0902883e6/0_133_4000_2400/master/4000.jpg?w=620&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&s=ebf7f0764c5777fb7aeef40646cc9b1e 620w"></source><source media="(min-width: 740px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 740px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)" sizes="700px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/cbdd8c1347db81a7bdd5fa2ab5b805f0902883e6/0_133_4000_2400/master/4000.jpg?w=700&q=20&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&dpr=2&s=e7d6dda70fee6b0eb5f84ba3d1c3f795 1400w"></source><source media="(min-width: 740px)" sizes="700px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/cbdd8c1347db81a7bdd5fa2ab5b805f0902883e6/0_133_4000_2400/master/4000.jpg?w=700&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&s=f68508fa2a6eb48751825c7d671c8dac 700w"></source><source media="(min-width: 660px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 660px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)" sizes="620px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/cbdd8c1347db81a7bdd5fa2ab5b805f0902883e6/0_133_4000_2400/master/4000.jpg?w=620&q=20&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&dpr=2&s=58a3a17b69eda02d4fd9bfedf37de219 1240w"></source><source media="(min-width: 660px)" sizes="620px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/cbdd8c1347db81a7bdd5fa2ab5b805f0902883e6/0_133_4000_2400/master/4000.jpg?w=620&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&s=ebf7f0764c5777fb7aeef40646cc9b1e 620w"></source><source media="(min-width: 480px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 480px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)" sizes="645px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/cbdd8c1347db81a7bdd5fa2ab5b805f0902883e6/0_133_4000_2400/master/4000.jpg?w=645&q=20&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&dpr=2&s=1ee2861c9909d676202350b33adb1f4e 1290w"></source><source media="(min-width: 480px)" sizes="645px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/cbdd8c1347db81a7bdd5fa2ab5b805f0902883e6/0_133_4000_2400/master/4000.jpg?w=645&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&s=8f4e584ea43969d6a566a0462aa955a2 645w"></source><source media="(min-width: 0px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 0px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)" sizes="465px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/cbdd8c1347db81a7bdd5fa2ab5b805f0902883e6/0_133_4000_2400/master/4000.jpg?w=465&q=20&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&dpr=2&s=b7a50fa628ee4b613e46c91a9067f2c7 930w"></source><source media="(min-width: 0px)" sizes="465px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/cbdd8c1347db81a7bdd5fa2ab5b805f0902883e6/0_133_4000_2400/master/4000.jpg?w=465&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&s=951528a006161ffb768df05595031a84 465w"></source><img alt="Manuel de Freitas removes his shirt to expose his arm as a health worker fills a syringe with a yellow fever vaccine in Casimiro de Abreu, Brazil, last year." class="maxed responsive-img" itemprop="contentUrl" src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/cbdd8c1347db81a7bdd5fa2ab5b805f0902883e6/0_133_4000_2400/master/4000.jpg?w=300&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&s=45af53b45c1a98e2a3bea1e39ad267cd" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 372px; left: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 620px;" /></picture></div>
<span class="inline-expand-image inline-icon centered-icon rounded-icon article__fullscreen modern-visible" style="background-color: rgba(51, 51, 51, 0.6); border-radius: 62.5rem; display: inline-block; fill: rgb(255, 255, 255); height: 2.75rem; margin: 0.625rem; opacity: 0; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.15s ease-out; vertical-align: middle; width: 2.75rem;"><svg class="centered-icon__svg rounded-icon__svg article__fullscreen__svg modern-visible__svg inline-expand-image__svg inline-icon__svg" height="22" viewbox="0 0 22 22" width="22"><path d="M3.4 20.2L9 14.5 7.5 13l-5.7 5.6L1 14H0v7.5l.5.5H8v-1l-4.6-.8M18.7 1.9L13 7.6 14.4 9l5.7-5.7.5 4.7h1.2V.6l-.5-.5H14v1.2l4.7.6"></path></svg></span></a><figcaption class="caption caption--main caption--img" itemprop="description" style="color: #767676; font-family: "Guardian Text Sans Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, "Lucida Grande", sans-serif; font-size: 0.75rem; line-height: 1rem; max-width: none; min-height: 0px; padding: 0.5rem 0px 0.375rem;"><span class="inline-triangle inline-icon hide-until-tablet" style="fill: rgb(199, 0, 0);"><svg class="hide-until-tablet__svg inline-triangle__svg inline-icon__svg" height="10" viewbox="0 0 11 10" width="11"><path d="M5.5 0L11 10H0z" fill-rule="evenodd"></path></svg> </span>Manuel de Freitas exposes his arm as a health worker fills a syringe with a yellow fever vaccine in Casimiro de Abreu, Brazil, last year. The country is facing its second outbreak in consecutive years. Photograph: Leo Correa/AP</figcaption></figure></header><div class="content__article-body from-content-api js-article__body" data-test-id="article-review-body" itemprop="articleBody" style="background-color: white; color: #121212; font-family: "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; line-height: 1.4; margin-left: 0px; padding-bottom: 4.5rem; position: relative; word-wrap: break-word;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
As it struggles to control its second deadly yellow fever outbreak in consecutive years, Brazil’s government has said it will vaccinate everyone in this continent-sized country who is not already protected – which means giving injections to 77 million people by the end of 2019.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
But although <a class="u-underline" data-component="auto-linked-tag" data-link-name="auto-linked-tag" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/brazil" style="background: transparent; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220); color: #880105; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none !important; touch-action: manipulation; transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">Brazil</a> already recommends yellow fever vaccines in many areas of 23 of its 27 states, it has not been able to deliver on those recommendations, leaving many unprotected.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
That has raised concerns from health specialists over whether Brazil can produce all the vaccine it needs in time – even though it is one of only four producers supplying the vaccine to the World Health Organisation.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
And it has provoked fresh questions over why the country failed to stop the disease spreading after last year’s outbreak.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
Alberto Chebabo, an infectious diseases specialist at the Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, part of Rio’s Federal University, said the authorities failed to follow through after <a class="u-underline" data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/feb/02/brazil-yellow-fever-outbreak-vaccination-espirito-santo" style="background: transparent; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220); color: #880105; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none !important; touch-action: manipulation; transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">initially mobilising to control the 2017 outbreak</a>.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
“We did not see the need at that moment to vaccinate the whole population in a rush,” he said.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
Another issue is that responsibility for vaccinations is shared across a complex array of federal, state and local governments who don’t always communicate well, said Alba Ropero, regional adviser for immunisation for the Pan-American Health Organisation and WHO in Washington, and many ordinary Brazilians, mostly men, were reluctant to be vaccinated.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
“There was a co-responsibility on different levels,” she said.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
Transmitted by mosquitoes, yellow fever can be fatal in 15-50% of cases. In the early 20th century, Brazilian cities were blighted by the disease but by 1942, Brazil had seen its last case of urban yellow fever.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
Cyclical outbreaks of “sylvatic” yellow fever – in which mosquitoes transmit the virus to humans from infected forest monkeys – caused a few dozen cases every year.</div>
<figure class="element element-image img--landscape fig--narrow-caption fig--has-shares " data-component="image" data-media-id="a2746fe41f04b42104de280770c6f0144a571fb4" id="img-2" itemprop="associatedMedia image" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" style="margin: 1rem 0px 0.75rem; position: relative;"><a class="article__img-container js-gallerythumbs" data-is-ajax="" data-link-name="Launch Article Lightbox" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/mar/28/brazil-yellow-fever-outbreak-vaccine-preparedness#img-2" style="background: transparent; color: #c70000; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none; touch-action: manipulation;"><div class="u-responsive-ratio" style="overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 372.047px; position: relative; width: 620px;">
<picture><source media="(min-width: 660px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 660px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)" sizes="620px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/a2746fe41f04b42104de280770c6f0144a571fb4/0_3_3543_2126/master/3543.jpg?w=620&q=20&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&dpr=2&s=2806f3dbc6ce354ede0ad1064db4b755 1240w"></source><source media="(min-width: 660px)" sizes="620px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/a2746fe41f04b42104de280770c6f0144a571fb4/0_3_3543_2126/master/3543.jpg?w=620&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&s=65d260f53c397093b8c4d54dd174c153 620w"></source><source media="(min-width: 480px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 480px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)" sizes="605px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/a2746fe41f04b42104de280770c6f0144a571fb4/0_3_3543_2126/master/3543.jpg?w=605&q=20&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&dpr=2&s=e49c7fc3ed404141711a800aaa3ec1ba 1210w"></source><source media="(min-width: 480px)" sizes="605px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/a2746fe41f04b42104de280770c6f0144a571fb4/0_3_3543_2126/master/3543.jpg?w=605&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&s=8efb17f7248975366b19d84e165388b1 605w"></source><source media="(min-width: 0px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 0px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)" sizes="445px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/a2746fe41f04b42104de280770c6f0144a571fb4/0_3_3543_2126/master/3543.jpg?w=445&q=20&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&dpr=2&s=217a51c35133b34fe8a18f7b34908c71 890w"></source><source media="(min-width: 0px)" sizes="445px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/a2746fe41f04b42104de280770c6f0144a571fb4/0_3_3543_2126/master/3543.jpg?w=445&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&s=7458303602a498c91a504618e3abd62f 445w"></source><img alt="Brazil plans to vaccinate 77 million people against yellow fever by the end of 2019 but health specialists doubt it can produce enough vaccine in time." class="gu-image" itemprop="contentUrl" src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/a2746fe41f04b42104de280770c6f0144a571fb4/0_3_3543_2126/master/3543.jpg?w=300&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&s=96e48ad2e654da4ce8c4ff8e6fec7b7d" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 372.047px; left: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 620px;" /></picture></div>
<span class="inline-expand-image inline-icon centered-icon rounded-icon article__fullscreen modern-visible" style="background-color: rgba(51, 51, 51, 0.6); border-radius: 62.5rem; display: inline-block; fill: rgb(255, 255, 255); height: 2.75rem; margin: 0.625rem; opacity: 0; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.15s ease-out; vertical-align: middle; width: 2.75rem;"><svg class="centered-icon__svg rounded-icon__svg article__fullscreen__svg modern-visible__svg inline-expand-image__svg inline-icon__svg" height="22" viewbox="0 0 22 22" width="22"><path d="M3.4 20.2L9 14.5 7.5 13l-5.7 5.6L1 14H0v7.5l.5.5H8v-1l-4.6-.8M18.7 1.9L13 7.6 14.4 9l5.7-5.7.5 4.7h1.2V.6l-.5-.5H14v1.2l4.7.6"></path></svg></span></a><figcaption class="caption caption--img caption caption--img" itemprop="description" style="color: #767676; font-family: "Guardian Text Sans Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, "Lucida Grande", sans-serif; font-size: 0.75rem; line-height: 1rem; max-width: 32.5rem; min-height: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.375rem; padding-top: 0.5rem;"><span class="inline-triangle inline-icon " style="fill: rgb(199, 0, 0);"><svg class="inline-triangle__svg inline-icon__svg" height="10" viewbox="0 0 11 10" width="11"><path d="M5.5 0L11 10H0z" fill-rule="evenodd"></path></svg> </span>Brazil plans to vaccinate 77 million people by the end of 2019 but specialists doubt it can produce enough yellow fever vaccine in time. Photograph: Miguel Schincariol/AFP/Getty Images</figcaption></figure><div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
Then, in January 2017, yellow fever began spreading from the forests of Minas Gerais, a sprawling rural state, towards Brazil’s populous south-east, leaving hundreds of dead monkeys in its wake.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
Minas Gerais declared an emergency. Brazil organised vaccination campaigns and public information adverts, and queues formed outside health centres in big cities like Rio de Janeiro, where some ran out of vaccines.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
But fears that the disease could spread from forest mosquitoes to the <em>Aedes aegypti</em> mosquitoes that thrive in big cities were not realised. And as cases fell in the winter, last September the health minister, Ricardo Barros, said the outbreak was over.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
<a class="u-underline" data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jan/24/brazil-yellow-fever-crisis-dozens-dead-as-sao-paulo-closes-city-gardens-and-zoo" style="background: transparent; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220); color: #880105; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none !important; touch-action: manipulation; transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">In January yellow fever returned – and this time it was more deadly</a>. From July 2017 to 20 March 2018, there have been 1,098 cases and 340 deaths. And Barros has come under fire.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
“It was very predictable,” said Maurício Nogueira, president of the Brazilian Virology Society and an infectious diseases specialist.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
Specialists pointed to failures at all level of government. Vaccinations for yellow fever have been recommended in Minas Gerais for over a decade. Yet only half the population of 21 million was protected when the outbreak began there in January 2017 – even less in some of the isolated rural towns where it was concentrated.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
Last year, the state saw 475 cases and 162 deaths. It has now vaccinated nearly 9 million people, said Rodrigo Said, state under-secretary of epidemiological vigilance, stressing the difficulties of reaching dispersed, rural populations. “It is a very difficult, onerous job,” he said.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
Yet since December the state has seen another 396 cases and 137 deaths. “The numbers speak for themselves,” said Jessé Alves, an infectious diseases specialist at the Emilio Ribas hospital in São Paulo.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
As the virus edged closer to Rio de Janeiro last March, authorities said they would vaccinate 90% of the state’s 16 million people by year end. It vaccinated less than a third of them. In 2016 Rio saw 27 cases and nine deaths, this year it has already had 179 cases and 67 deaths.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
Last August São Paulo state began vaccinating “ecological corridors”, anticipating the virus’s spread. Adopting the WHO guidelines for controlling outbreaks, the state also split up, or “fractioned”, doses to provide cover for at least a year, instead of a decade.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
“We did not take our foot off the accelerator,” said Regiane de Paula, director of the state’s epidemiological vigilance centre. Half the population is now protected, she said.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
But since 2017 the state has seen 345 cases and 125 deaths. And whatever measures the authorities took, Nogueira said, “it was clearly not sufficient”.</div>
</div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-30546689880938348812018-03-22T23:36:00.003-07:002018-03-22T23:36:47.063-07:00Yellow Fever in Brazil, March 2018 - CDC<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h3 style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 10px 0px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">
Key Points</h3>
<ul style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 10px 25px; padding: 0px;">
<li style="line-height: 25px;">There is a large, ongoing outbreak of yellow fever in multiple states of <a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/traveler/none/brazil" style="color: #075290;">Brazil</a>. Since early 2018, a number of unvaccinated travelers to Brazil contracted yellow fever; many of these travelers were infected on the island of Ilha Grande (Rio de Janeiro State). Several have died.</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px;">Travelers to Brazil should protect themselves from yellow fever by getting yellow fever vaccine at least 10 days before travel, and preventing mosquito bites.</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px;">In addition to areas in Brazil where yellow fever vaccination has been recommended since before the recent outbreaks, the vaccine is now also recommended for people who are traveling to or living in: All of Espirito Santo State, São Paulo State, and Rio de Janeiro State as well as a number of cities in Bahia State.</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px;"><span style="font-weight: 700;">People who have never been vaccinated against yellow fever should avoid traveling to areas of Brazil where yellow fever vaccination is recommended.</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 25px;">Travelers going to areas with ongoing outbreaks may consider getting a booster dose of yellow fever vaccine if it has been 10 or more years since they were vaccinated.</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px;">Yellow fever vaccine is available at a limited number of clinics in the United States, so travelers should plan ahead to get the vaccine.</li>
</ul>
<div class="module-typeC span8 pull-right" style="background: rgb(215, 228, 204); box-sizing: border-box; float: right; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 15px; min-height: 1px; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 10px; width: 385px;">
<h3 style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); font-size: 18px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 5px 10px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">
What is yellow fever?</h3>
<div style="line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px 15px;">
Yellow fever is caused by a virus that is spread through mosquitoes. <a class="tp-link-policy" href="http://www.cdc.gov/yellowfever/symptoms/index.html" style="color: #075290;">Symptoms</a> of yellow fever (fever, chills, headache, backache, and muscle aches) take 3–6 days to develop. About 15% of people who get yellow fever develop serious illness including bleeding, shock, organ failure, and sometimes death.</div>
</div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 10px 0px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">
What is the current situation?</h3>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
In early 2017, the Brazilian Ministry of Health reported outbreaks of yellow fever in several eastern states, including areas where yellow fever was not traditionally considered to be a risk. Since the end of 2017, yellow fever cases have reoccurred in several states, especially in the states of Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, and São Paulo, including areas close to the city of São Paulo.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
In early 2018, a case of yellow fever was reported in an unvaccinated Dutch traveler who had stayed near the São Paulo metropolitan region. <span style="font-weight: 700;">Since then, there have been reports of other unvaccinated travelers to Brazil who visited areas with yellow fever outbreaks and contracted yellow fever; many of these travelers were infected on the island of Ilha Grande (Rio de Janieiro State). Several of these travelers died. None were from the United States.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
In response to the outbreak that began in early 2017, the World Health Organization has expanded the list of areas where yellow fever vaccination is recommended for international travelers to Brazil.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
In addition to areas in Brazil where yellow fever vaccination has been recommended since before the recent outbreaks, the vaccine is now also recommended for people who are traveling to or living in:</div>
<ul style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 10px 25px; padding: 0px;">
<li style="line-height: 25px;">All of Espirito Santo State</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px;">All of São Paulo State, the city of São Paulo and all coastal islands</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px;">All of Rio de Janeiro State, including the city of Rio de Janeiro and all coastal islands</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px;">A number of cities in Bahia State</li>
</ul>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
<a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" id="areas" name="areas" style="color: #075290; text-decoration-line: underline !important;"></a></div>
<div class="row" style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-left: -15px; padding: 0px !important;">
<div class="span19" style="float: left; margin-left: 15px; min-height: 1px; width: 935px;">
<div class="module-typeF tp-collapsible tp-collapsible-collapsed" style="background: rgb(240, 240, 240); border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; margin-bottom: 20px; overflow: inherit; padding-bottom: 0px;">
<div class="tp-collapsible-header tp-collapsible-toggle tp-noselect" style="cursor: pointer; line-height: 25px; padding: 0px 15px; position: relative; user-select: none;">
<span style="font-weight: 700;">State of Bahia: new areas in which yellow fever vaccination is recommended for travelers</span> <a class="tp-collapsible-expand-all tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/alert/yellow-fever-brazil#" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; padding: 5px 15px;">Expand<img alt="expand" class="tp-collapsible-icon-expand" src="https://www.cdc.gov/TemplatePackage/3.0/images/plus12.png" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%; position: absolute; right: 10px; text-decoration-line: none; top: 11px; vertical-align: middle;" /></a> <a class="tp-collapsible-collapse-all tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/alert/yellow-fever-brazil#" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; padding: 5px 15px;">Collapse</a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row" style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin-left: -15px; padding: 0px !important;">
<div class="span19" style="float: left; margin-left: 15px; min-height: 1px; width: 935px;">
<div class="module-typeP" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 10px;">
<h3 style="background: rgb(8, 81, 0); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(229, 229, 229); color: white; font-size: 18px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 5px 10px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">
Expanded Yellow Fever Vaccine Recommendation Areas in Brazil</h3>
<iframe frameborder="0" height="500" scrolling="no" src="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/Maps/prototype_YellowFeverTravelNoticeBrazil.html" style="padding: 0px 15px;" width="98%"></iframe><br />
<div class="saveLink" style="padding: 0px 15px;">
<div class="span19" style="float: left; margin-left: 15px; min-height: 1px; width: 935px;">
<div class="span10 fixed pull-left" style="float: left; margin-left: 15px; min-height: 1px; width: 485px;">
<table style="background-color: transparent; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; max-width: 100%;"><tbody>
<tr><td colspan="3"><span style="font-weight: 700;">Vaccine recommended </span></td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td align="right"><img align="middle" alt="Vaccine recommended due to current outbreak" border="0" height="20" src="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/images/SwatchVaccineRecommended.png" style="border: 0px; height: auto; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;" width="40" /></td><td> Vaccine recommended </td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td align="right"><img align="middle" alt="Low elevation" border="0" height="20" src="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/images/SwatchVaccineRecommendedOutbreak.png" style="border: 0px; height: auto; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;" width="40" /></td><td> Vaccine recommended due to current outbreak </td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td align="right"><img align="middle" alt="High elevation" border="0" height="20" src="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/images/SwatchNotRecommended.png" style="border: 0px; height: auto; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;" width="40" /></td><td> Vaccine not recommended </td><td></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="span8 pull-right" style="float: right; margin-left: 15px; min-height: 1px; width: 385px;">
<table style="background-color: transparent; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; max-width: 100%;"><tbody>
<tr><td><div class="bordered" style="line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
<br /></div>
</td><td> </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
The Brazilian Ministry of Health maintains a regular list of all other cities in Brazil for which yellow fever vaccination has been recommended since before the recent outbreaks. This list does not include recently added areas above. It is located at <a class="tp-link-policy tp-external-link-fix nonHtml noDecoration plugin" href="http://portalsaude.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2015/novembro/19/Lista-de-Municipios-ACRV-Febre-Amarela-Set-2015.pdf" style="color: #075290; display: inline; padding-right: 18px;" target="_blank"><span class="tp-label" style="display: inline; line-height: 25px;">http://portalsaude.saude.gov.br/images/pdf/2015/novembro/19/Lista-de-Municipios-ACRV-Febre-Amarela-Set-2015.pdf</span><span alt="Adobe PDF file" class="sprite-16-pdf" style="background: url("/TemplatePackage/3.0/images/sf.png") -3px -1px no-repeat; display: inline-block !important; height: 16px; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 5px -3px; max-height: 16px; max-width: 16px; min-height: 16px; min-width: 16px; width: 16px;"></span></a><a aria-label="External Web Site Icon" class="external tp-link-policy" href="https://www.cdc.gov/Other/disclaimer.html" style="background: url("/TemplatePackage/3.0/images/icon_out_v2.png") right center no-repeat; color: #075290; display: inline-block; height: 10px; margin: 0px 3px 0px -13px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 10px;" title="External Web Site Icon"></a>.</div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 10px 0px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">
What can travelers do to prevent yellow fever?</h3>
<h4 style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 28px; margin: 10px 0px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">
Get yellow fever vaccine</h4>
<ul style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 10px 25px; padding: 0px;">
<li style="line-height: 25px;">Yellow fever vaccine is the best protection against yellow fever disease, which can be fatal. Anyone 9 months or older who travels to areas where yellow fever vaccine is recommended should be vaccinated against yellow fever at least 10 days before travel. For most travelers, one dose of yellow fever vaccine provides long-lasting protection. However, parts of Brazil are currently higher risk because of the outbreak. Travelers may consider getting a booster dose of yellow fever vaccine if traveling to areas with yellow fever outbreaks and it’s been 10 or more years since they were vaccinated. Areas with outbreaks include the states of Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, and São Paulo.</li>
</ul>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
<span style="font-weight: 700;">People who have never been vaccinated against yellow fever for any reason should avoid traveling to areas of Brazil where yellow fever vaccination is recommended.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
<span style="font-weight: 700;">Yellow fever vaccine is currently available at only a limited number of clinics in the United States. </span>Travelers should contact a yellow fever vaccine provider well in advance of travel. <a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellow-fever-vaccination-clinics/search" style="color: #075290;">Search for a yellow fever vaccine provider near you</a>.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
Yellow fever vaccine is not recommended for <a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://www.cdc.gov/yellowfever/vaccine/index.html" style="color: #075290;">some people</a>. Talk with a health care provider if you have questions about the yellow fever vaccine.</div>
<h4 style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 28px; margin: 10px 0px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">
Prevent insect bites</h4>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
Because yellow fever and other diseases are spread by mosquito bites, all travelers to Brazil should <a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/avoid-bug-bites" style="color: #075290;">prevent mosquito bites</a> by using insect repellent, wearing long-sleeved shirts and pants when outdoors, and sleeping in an air-conditioned or well-screened room or under an insecticide-treated bed net.</div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 10px 0px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">
If you get sick during or after travel</h3>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; margin-bottom: 10px;">
Talk to a doctor or nurse if you get sick, especially if you have a fever. Tell them you have been in a country with yellow fever.</div>
<h3 style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 10px 0px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">
Additional Information</h3>
<ul style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 10px 25px; padding: 0px;">
<li style="line-height: 25px;"><a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://www.cdc.gov/yellowfever" style="color: #075290;">CDC Yellow Fever Website</a></li>
<li style="line-height: 25px;"><a class="tp-link-policy" href="http://www.cdc.gov/yellowfever/qa/index.html" style="color: #075290;">FAQ’s about Yellow Fever</a></li>
<li style="line-height: 25px;"><a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://www.cdc.gov/yellowfever/vaccine/index.html" style="color: #075290;">Yellow Fever Vaccine</a></li>
</ul>
<h3 style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 10px 0px; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">
Clinician Information</h3>
<ul style="background-color: white; font-family: Lato, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 0px 10px 25px; padding: 0px;">
<li style="line-height: 25px;"><a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2018/infectious-diseases-related-to-travel/yellow-fever" style="color: #075290;">Yellow Fever</a> in CDC Health Information for International Travel (“Yellow Book”)</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px;"><a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://www.cdc.gov/yellowfever/healthcareproviders/vaccine-info.html" style="color: #075290;">Yellow Fever Vaccination</a>: Information for Healthcare Professionals</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px;"><a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5907a1.htm" style="color: #075290;">Yellow Fever Vaccine</a>: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (MMWR 2010)</li>
<li style="line-height: 25px;"><a class="tp-link-policy" href="https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6423a5.htm" style="color: #075290;">Yellow Fever Vaccine Booster Doses</a>: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, 2015</li>
</ul>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-73518083308864616982018-03-10T04:29:00.000-08:002018-03-10T04:29:14.854-08:00Sarah Storey pulls out of Track World Championships over yellow fever fears in Brazil<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<header class="content__head content__head--article tonal__head tonal__head--tone-news" style="background-color: white; color: #121212; display: grid; font-family: "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; grid-template-areas: "labels headline-standfirst" "meta main-media"; grid-template-columns: 10rem 1fr; margin-left: -10rem;"><div class="content__headline-standfirst-wrapper" style="grid-area: headline-standfirst / headline-standfirst / headline-standfirst / headline-standfirst;">
<div class="tonal__standfirst u-cf" style="grid-area: standfirst / standfirst / standfirst / standfirst; position: relative;">
<div class="content__standfirst" data-component="standfirst" data-link-name="standfirst" style="border-top: 0px; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.25rem; margin-bottom: 0.75rem; margin-left: 0px; max-width: 33.75rem; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0.125rem;">
<ul style="list-style: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.375rem; position: relative;">Paralympic champion unable to be vaccinated while breastfeeding</li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.375rem; position: relative;">‘The health and wellbeing of my family is far more important’</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="content__meta-container js-content-meta js-football-meta u-cf
" style="align-self: start; background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20width%3D%229%22%20height%3D%2212%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%209%2012%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A//www.w3.org/2000/svg%22%3E%3Cg%20fill%3D%22%23DFDFDF%22%3E%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%221.5%22%20cy%3D%221.5%22%20r%3D%221%22/%3E%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%221.5%22%20cy%3D%224.5%22%20r%3D%221%22/%3E%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%221.5%22%20cy%3D%227.5%22%20r%3D%221%22/%3E%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%221.5%22%20cy%3D%2210.5%22%20r%3D%221%22/%3E%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%224.5%22%20cy%3D%221.5%22%20r%3D%221%22/%3E%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%224.5%22%20cy%3D%224.5%22%20r%3D%221%22/%3E%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%224.5%22%20cy%3D%227.5%22%20r%3D%221%22/%3E%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%224.5%22%20cy%3D%2210.5%22%20r%3D%221%22/%3E%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%227.5%22%20cy%3D%221.5%22%20r%3D%221%22/%3E%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%227.5%22%20cy%3D%224.5%22%20r%3D%221%22/%3E%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%227.5%22%20cy%3D%227.5%22%20r%3D%221%22/%3E%3Ccircle%20cx%3D%227.5%22%20cy%3D%2210.5%22%20r%3D%221%22/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E"); background-position: 0px top; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: 0.625rem; grid-area: meta / meta / meta / meta; height: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0.375rem; min-height: 2.25rem; padding-top: 0.9375rem; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 8.75rem;">
<div class="meta__contact-wrap" style="float: left; max-width: 100%; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px;">
<div class="byline" data-component="meta-byline" data-link-name="byline" style="border-top: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; color: #0084c6; font-size: 1rem; font-style: italic; line-height: 1.25rem; margin-bottom: -0.875rem; margin-top: -0.1875rem; min-height: 0px; padding-bottom: 1.125rem; padding-top: 0.25rem; width: 140px;">
Press Association</div>
<div aria-hidden="true" class="content__dateline" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #767676; font-family: "Guardian Text Sans Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, "Lucida Grande", sans-serif; font-size: 0.75rem; line-height: 1rem; margin-bottom: -0.25rem; margin-top: -0.1875rem; min-height: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.75rem; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0.125rem; position: relative;">
<time class="content__dateline-wpd js-wpd" data-timestamp="1520509122000" datetime="2018-03-08T11:38:42+0000" itemprop="datePublished" style="display: inline-block;">Thu 8 Mar 2018 <span class="content__dateline-time">11.38 GMT</span></time></div>
</div>
<div class="meta__extras " style="-webkit-box-ordinal-group: 6; border: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 2.8125rem; order: 5; position: relative;">
<div class="meta__social" data-component="share" style="background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(rgb(220, 220, 220), rgb(220, 220, 220) 0.0625rem, transparent 0.0625rem, transparent 0.25rem); background-position: center top; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: 0.0625rem 0.0625rem; border-top: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; min-height: 2.8125rem; padding: 0.375rem 0px 0px;">
</div>
<div class="meta__numbers" style="background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(rgb(220, 220, 220), rgb(220, 220, 220) 0.0625rem, transparent 0.0625rem, transparent 0.25rem); background-position: center top; background-repeat: repeat-x; background-size: 0.0625rem 0.0625rem; border-top: 0px; height: 2.25rem; margin-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0.1875rem; padding-top: 0.375rem; position: static; right: 0px; top: 0px;">
<div class="meta__number js-sharecount" style="float: left; height: 36px; min-width: 0.9375rem;" title="Facebook: 1">
<h3 class="sharecount__heading" style="color: #767676; font-size: 1rem; font-weight: normal; height: 0.9375rem; line-height: 1.5rem; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0.9375rem; padding-right: 0px; position: relative;">
<span class="inline-share inline-icon" style="fill: rgb(118, 118, 118); left: 0px; margin-top: -0.1875rem; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px;"><svg height="12" viewbox="0 0 12 12" width="12" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M10.073 8.4c-.475 0-.906.19-1.225.497l-5.308-2.676.015-.221-.015-.221 5.308-2.676c.319.308.75.497 1.225.497.982 0 1.778-.806 1.778-1.8s-.796-1.8-1.778-1.8-1.778.806-1.778 1.8l.016.233-5.299 2.675c-.32-.313-.755-.507-1.236-.507-.982 0-1.778.806-1.778 1.8s.796 1.8 1.778 1.8c.48 0 .915-.194 1.236-.507l5.299 2.675-.016.233c0 .994.796 1.8 1.778 1.8s1.778-.806 1.778-1.8-.796-1.8-1.778-1.8zm0-7.68c.588 0 1.067.484 1.067 1.08 0 .596-.479 1.08-1.067 1.08s-1.067-.484-1.067-1.08c0-.596.479-1.08 1.067-1.08zm0 10.56c-.588 0-1.067-.484-1.067-1.08 0-.596.479-1.08 1.067-1.08s1.067.484 1.067 1.08c0 .596-.479 1.08-1.067 1.08z"></path></svg></span><span class="sharecount__text u-h" style="border: 0px !important; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px) !important; height: 0.0625rem !important; margin: -0.0625rem !important; overflow: hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: absolute !important; width: 0.0625rem !important;">Shares</span></h3>
<div class="sharecount__value sharecount__value--short" style="color: #767676; font-family: "Guardian Text Sans Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, "Lucida Grande", sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: -0.0625rem; line-height: 1.125rem; padding-top: 0.15rem;">
1</div>
</div>
<div class="u-h meta__number" data-commentcount-format="content" data-discussion-closed="true" data-discussion-id="/p/889fx" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-bottom-style: initial !important; border-bottom-width: 0px !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220); border-right-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-right-style: initial !important; border-right-width: 0px !important; border-top-color: rgb(220, 220, 220); border-top-style: initial !important; border-top-width: 0px !important; clip: rect(0px, 0px, 0px, 0px) !important; float: left; height: 1px; margin-bottom: -0.0625rem !important; margin-left: 0.625rem; margin-right: -0.0625rem !important; margin-top: -0.0625rem !important; min-width: 0.9375rem; overflow: hidden !important; padding-bottom: 0px !important; padding-left: 0.625rem; padding-right: 0px !important; padding-top: 0px !important; position: absolute !important; width: 0.0625rem !important;">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<figure class="media-primary media-content () " data-component="image" data-media-id="8fbdfc769df9ad983148ebbda2c7f461d47cc8e8" id="img-1" itemprop="associatedMedia image" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" style="grid-area: main-media / main-media / main-media / main-media; margin: 0px 0px 0.375rem; position: relative;"><a class="article__img-container js-gallerythumbs" data-is-ajax="" data-link-name="Launch Article Lightbox" href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2018/mar/08/sarah-storey-pulls-out-of-track-world-championships-over-yellow-fever-fears-cycling#img-1" style="background: transparent; color: #0084c6; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none; touch-action: manipulation;"><div class="u-responsive-ratio" style="overflow: hidden; padding-bottom: 372px; position: relative; width: 620px;">
<picture><source media="(min-width: 980px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 980px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)" sizes="620px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/8fbdfc769df9ad983148ebbda2c7f461d47cc8e8/368_111_2735_1641/master/2735.jpg?w=620&q=20&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&dpr=2&s=df213d80e219cb61cde52945371e50e3 1240w"></source><source media="(min-width: 980px)" sizes="620px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/8fbdfc769df9ad983148ebbda2c7f461d47cc8e8/368_111_2735_1641/master/2735.jpg?w=620&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&s=8f0e0cec61d1087fdb2727b21af3807a 620w"></source><source media="(min-width: 740px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 740px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)" sizes="700px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/8fbdfc769df9ad983148ebbda2c7f461d47cc8e8/368_111_2735_1641/master/2735.jpg?w=700&q=20&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&dpr=2&s=d9561ad319d5692c6c2ccc40d8d41e18 1400w"></source><source media="(min-width: 740px)" sizes="700px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/8fbdfc769df9ad983148ebbda2c7f461d47cc8e8/368_111_2735_1641/master/2735.jpg?w=700&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&s=f97cee3e0a0c83dc4e699fd5537a8ea3 700w"></source><source media="(min-width: 660px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 660px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)" sizes="620px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/8fbdfc769df9ad983148ebbda2c7f461d47cc8e8/368_111_2735_1641/master/2735.jpg?w=620&q=20&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&dpr=2&s=df213d80e219cb61cde52945371e50e3 1240w"></source><source media="(min-width: 660px)" sizes="620px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/8fbdfc769df9ad983148ebbda2c7f461d47cc8e8/368_111_2735_1641/master/2735.jpg?w=620&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&s=8f0e0cec61d1087fdb2727b21af3807a 620w"></source><source media="(min-width: 480px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 480px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)" sizes="645px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/8fbdfc769df9ad983148ebbda2c7f461d47cc8e8/368_111_2735_1641/master/2735.jpg?w=645&q=20&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&dpr=2&s=ecadaf1a9e2a4db5cb4fd9b6f0fff9af 1290w"></source><source media="(min-width: 480px)" sizes="645px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/8fbdfc769df9ad983148ebbda2c7f461d47cc8e8/368_111_2735_1641/master/2735.jpg?w=645&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&s=173b13c3bf4c2436df1b7868c0fa4f0e 645w"></source><source media="(min-width: 0px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.25), (min-width: 0px) and (min-resolution: 120dpi)" sizes="465px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/8fbdfc769df9ad983148ebbda2c7f461d47cc8e8/368_111_2735_1641/master/2735.jpg?w=465&q=20&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&dpr=2&s=7573bc5a214814551fab98f4f83e365f 930w"></source><source media="(min-width: 0px)" sizes="465px" srcset="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/8fbdfc769df9ad983148ebbda2c7f461d47cc8e8/368_111_2735_1641/master/2735.jpg?w=465&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&s=f6a92c88257c40a4f1edbe0e28cc40d4 465w"></source><img alt="Sarah Storey" class="maxed responsive-img" itemprop="contentUrl" src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/8fbdfc769df9ad983148ebbda2c7f461d47cc8e8/368_111_2735_1641/master/2735.jpg?w=300&q=55&auto=format&usm=12&fit=max&s=6add4f10195a3e3f1d68fbc0636cfa45" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: 372px; left: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 620px;" /></picture></div>
<span class="inline-expand-image inline-icon centered-icon rounded-icon article__fullscreen modern-visible" style="background-color: rgba(51, 51, 51, 0.6); border-radius: 62.5rem; display: inline-block; fill: rgb(255, 255, 255); height: 2.75rem; margin: 0.625rem; opacity: 0; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; transition: opacity 0.15s ease-out; vertical-align: middle; width: 2.75rem;"><svg class="centered-icon__svg rounded-icon__svg article__fullscreen__svg modern-visible__svg inline-expand-image__svg inline-icon__svg" height="22" viewbox="0 0 22 22" width="22"><path d="M3.4 20.2L9 14.5 7.5 13l-5.7 5.6L1 14H0v7.5l.5.5H8v-1l-4.6-.8M18.7 1.9L13 7.6 14.4 9l5.7-5.7.5 4.7h1.2V.6l-.5-.5H14v1.2l4.7.6"></path></svg></span></a><figcaption class="caption caption--main caption--img" itemprop="description" style="color: #767676; font-family: "Guardian Text Sans Web", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, "Lucida Grande", sans-serif; font-size: 0.75rem; line-height: 1rem; max-width: none; min-height: 0px; padding: 0.5rem 0px 0.375rem;"><span class="inline-triangle inline-icon hide-until-tablet" style="fill: rgb(0, 132, 198);"><svg class="hide-until-tablet__svg inline-triangle__svg inline-icon__svg" height="10" viewbox="0 0 11 10" width="11"><path d="M5.5 0L11 10H0z" fill-rule="evenodd"></path></svg> </span>Sarah Storey will not return to Rio, where she won three golds in 2016, after advice on yellow fever vaccination following an outbreak of the disease in Brazil. Photograph: Andrew Matthews/PA</figcaption></figure></header><div class="content__article-body from-content-api js-article__body" data-test-id="article-review-body" itemprop="articleBody" style="background-color: white; color: #121212; font-family: "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-variant-ligatures: common-ligatures; line-height: 1.4; margin-left: 0px; padding-bottom: 4.5rem; position: relative; word-wrap: break-word;">
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
The 14-time Paralympic champion Dame <a class="u-underline" data-component="auto-linked-tag" data-link-name="auto-linked-tag" href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/sarah-storey" style="background: transparent; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220); color: #005689; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none !important; touch-action: manipulation; transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">Sarah Storey</a> has withdrawn from the Great Britain team for the Para-cycling Track World Championships in Rio later this month.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
The 40-year-old announced her decision on Thursday, following advice regarding yellow fever vaccination after an outbreak of the disease in Brazil.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
Storey gave birth to her son Charlie last year and the four-and-a-half-month-old is breastfed, which means neither mother nor baby can be vaccinated, she said. </div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
“I am obviously disappointed to not be able to compete at the event and miss out on the opportunity to win another rainbow jersey but the health and wellbeing of my family is far more important,” Storey said.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
“I am not prepared to risk travelling unvaccinated as contracting the infection results in a high percentage of fatalities.”</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
Storey <a class="u-underline" data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2016/sep/17/sarah-storey-gold-cycling-womens-road-race-rio-2016-paralympics" style="background: transparent; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220); color: #005689; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none !important; touch-action: manipulation; transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">won three Paralympic gold medals</a> in Rio in 2016 following the birth in 2013 of daughter Louisa.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
The Para-cycling Track World Championships take place from March 22 to 25.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 1rem; padding: 0px;">
<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2018/mar/08/sarah-storey-pulls-out-of-track-world-championships-over-yellow-fever-fears-cycling" target="_blank">Source</a></div>
</div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-41301011623583033222018-03-09T04:32:00.000-08:002018-03-09T04:32:01.419-08:00Yellow Fever may be contagious for longer than previously suspected<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="background: rgba(222, 222, 222, 0.5); bottom: 5px; left: 0px; line-height: 15px; padding: 0px 5px; position: absolute; text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="color: white; text-align: justify;">
<span class="author vcard" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Wednesday, March 7, 2018</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span><span class="meta-prep meta-prep-author" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">by <a href="https://homelandprepnews.com/about/editorial-team/#chris-galford" style="background: transparent; color: #9e0b0f; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">Chris Galford</a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: white;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="color: white;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
© Shutterstock</div>
</span></span><br />
<div class="entry-content" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #333333; padding: 8px 0px 0px; text-align: left;">
<div style="color: black; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-top: 15px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Brazilian researchers have determined that Yellow Fever may have been underestimated, with a patient who survived the disease still showing signs of it nearly a month after infection.</span></div>
<div style="color: black; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-top: 15px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Previously, scientists operated on the idea that yellow fever had a transmissibility period that roughly correlated to acute infections–a period of no more than 10 days. Most symptoms vanished after three or four days, though a small percentage of patients would enter a second phase of the disease that boasts a 50 percent death rate within 7 to 10 days. With the virus now showing up in urine and semen a month after infection, this significantly increases the danger of infection according to Paolo Zanotto, a professor at the University of São Paulo’s Biomedical Science Institute (ICB-USP).</span></div>
<div style="color: black; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-top: 15px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">“We don’t yet have enough samples to determine how long yellow fever virus can be detected in urine and semen, but our monitoring of the patient for 21 days after observing the first symptoms of the disease suggests the virus can be detected in these biological materials for almost a month after infection, if not longer,” Zanotto said.</span></div>
<div style="color: black; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-top: 15px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Sequencing the genome of the virus isolated in their patient’s urine, researchers say this indicates yellow fever is an arbovirus–a type of virus transmitted by insects that feed on blood–and capable of being excreted through the urinary system. They do not know how long it stays with that system yet, or what the implications of it might be.</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://homelandprepnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/shutterstock_405639547.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img alt="" border="0" class="storyFeatured" height="133" src="https://homelandprepnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/shutterstock_405639547.jpg" style="border: 5px solid rgb(222, 222, 222); box-sizing: border-box; display: inline; height: auto; max-width: 300px; vertical-align: middle;" title="" width="200" /></span></a></div>
<div style="color: black; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-top: 15px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Researchers also said tests designed to detect yellow fever in urine can improve diagnosis. This is especially important given that more than half of those infected do not display any symptoms, and thus are not admitted to a hospital.</span></div>
<div style="color: black; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-top: 15px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">“The people who are admitted to hospital are those who have symptoms,” Zanotto said. “These are the relatively severe cases, representing the tip of the iceberg as far as the problem of infection by yellow fever in Brazil is concerned since a large proportion of those infected is asymptomatic.”</span></div>
<div style="color: black; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-top: 15px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The ICB-USP conducted this study alongside colleagues from Butantan Institute, Emílio Ribas Infectology Institute, and Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP), and published their findings in the CDC journal Emerging Infectious Diseases.</span></div>
<div style="color: black; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-top: 15px; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://homelandprepnews.com/stories/27179-yellow-fever-may-contagious-longer-previously-suspected/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Source</span></a></div>
</div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-35453383801974702932018-03-09T04:29:00.001-08:002018-03-09T04:29:30.291-08:00Brazil Yellow Fever Outbreak Largest in Decades; 846 Cases<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="paragraph" data-pnum="1" style="-webkit-margin-after: 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px; background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arimo, helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.063em; line-height: 26px; margin-left: 32px; margin-right: 16px; margin-top: 26px;">
Brazil's yellow fever outbreak has now infected more people than the previous one, which had been the largest in decades.</div>
<div class="paragraph" data-pnum="2" style="-webkit-margin-after: 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px; background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arimo, helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.063em; line-height: 26px; margin-left: 32px; margin-right: 16px; margin-top: 26px;">
The Health Ministry said Wednesday that officials have confirmed 846 cases of the mosquito-borne disease. Of those, 260 have died.</div>
<div class="paragraph" data-pnum="3" style="-webkit-margin-after: 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px; background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arimo, helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.063em; line-height: 26px; margin-left: 32px; margin-right: 16px; margin-top: 26px;">
In the 2016-2017 outbreak, Latin America's largest nation saw 777 cases and 261 deaths.</div>
<div class="paragraph" data-pnum="4" style="-webkit-margin-after: 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px; background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arimo, helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.063em; line-height: 26px; margin-left: 32px; margin-right: 16px; margin-top: 26px;">
Large swaths of Brazil have long been at risk for yellow fever. But the previous outbreak and the current one are happening in areas not previously considered at risk for the disease and where vaccination rates were low. The current outbreak is hitting the populous states of Sao Paulo and Minas Gerais hard and encroaching on major cities.</div>
<div class="embeddedWrapper" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arimo, helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.125em; line-height: 25px; margin-left: 32px; margin-top: 15px;">
<div class="embedded vertical " data-cid="238427591" data-galleyindex="0" data-permloc="//www.nbcwashington.com/multimedia/Top-News-238427591.html" data-title="Top News Photos: International Women's Day" style="clear: both; cursor: pointer; height: 349px; margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 20px; position: relative; width: 624px;">
<div class="galleryMask" style="display: inline-block; height: 349px; overflow: hidden; position: absolute; width: 624px;">
<h3 class="largeTitle" style="-webkit-margin-after: 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px; color: white; font-family: Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 20px !important; font-weight: 300; left: 80px !important; margin: 0px; position: absolute; top: 293.156px; z-index: 3;">
<a href="https://www.nbcwashington.com/multimedia/Top-News-238427591.html" style="background-color: transparent; color: white; text-decoration-line: none;">Top News Photos: International Women's Day</a></h3>
<a href="https://www.nbcwashington.com/multimedia/Top-News-238427591.html" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1259a6; text-decoration-line: none;"><div class="videoOverlay" style="background: url("//media.nbcmiami.com/designimages/carouseul_summary_bg.png") 0px 100% repeat-x scroll; height: 349px; left: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 624px; z-index: 2;">
</div>
</a><img alt="[NATL] Top News Photos of the Week" src="https://media.nbcwashington.com/images/620*349/AP_18067499609214.jpg" style="border: 0px;" width="100%" /><a href="https://www.nbcwashington.com/multimedia/Top-News-238427591.html" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1259a6; text-decoration-line: none;"><div class="icon gallery" style="background: url("//media.nbcmiami.com/designimages/mobile_sprite_global.png") -75px -33px no-repeat; height: 36px; left: 12px; position: absolute; top: 296px; width: 46px; z-index: 5;">
</div>
</a></div>
<div class="credit" style="bottom: -23px; font-family: Arimo; font-size: 0.6em; position: absolute; right: 0px;">
Francisco Seco/AP</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph" data-pnum="5" style="-webkit-margin-after: 0px; -webkit-margin-before: 0px; background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Arimo, helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.063em; line-height: 26px; margin-left: 32px; margin-right: 16px; margin-top: 26px;">
In response, Brazil has launched a campaign to vaccinate more than 23 million people.</div>
<div>
<a href="https://www.nbcwashington.com/news/health/Brazil-Yellow-Fever-Outbreak-Largest-Decades--476186103.html" target="_blank">Source</a></div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-88425599511932092532018-03-03T05:28:00.003-08:002018-03-03T05:28:29.113-08:00CDC: Limited Availability of Alternative Yellow Fever Vaccine, march 2018<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px;">
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has released a list of clinics stocking the yellow fever vaccine, Stamaril (Sanofi Pasteur). They have also created an interactive map allowing travelers and clinicians to easily search locations with the vaccine that are nearest to them. The map will be updated periodically to include any updates to clinic locations.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px;">
The distribution of Stamaril is due to the total depletion of <a href="https://www.empr.com/yf-vax/drug/1685/" style="background-color: transparent; color: #1f79bf; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 300ms linear;" target="_blank">YF-Vax</a>, the only licensed yellow fever vaccine in the U.S. Sanofi Pasteur has stated they expect YF-Vax to be available again by the end of 2018. </div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px;">
Stamaril, which is manufactured in France, received approval through the Food and Drug Administration's investigational new drug (IND) program (despite the name, the vaccine is not investigational or experimental and has been used in Europe for years). It is comparable to YF-Vax in safety and efficacy.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px;">
As part of the IND program, only a limited number of clinics will be provided Stamaril. </div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 22px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px;">
<a href="https://www.empr.com/news/stamaril-yellow-fever-yf-vax-total-depletion-stamaril-clinics-available/article/747601/" target="_blank">Source</a></div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-88945903973230685582018-02-23T05:32:00.003-08:002018-02-23T05:32:54.231-08:00Brazil battles yellow fever — and a ‘dangerous’ anti-vaccination campaign<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="pb-sig-line hasnt-headshot has-0-headshots hasnt-bio is-not-column" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: FranklinITCProLight, HelveticaNeue, "Helvetica Neue Light", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, "Lucida Grande", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.1em; padding-bottom: 25px;">
<span class="pb-byline" itemprop="author" itemscope="" itemtype="http://schema.org/Person" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; font-family: FranklinITCProBold, sans-serif; padding-right: 5px;">By <span itemprop="name" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Anna Jean Kaiser</span></span> <span class="pb-timestamp" content="2018-02-18T07:00-500" itemprop="datePublished" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #aaaaaa; display: inline-block; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: 1.1em; padding-right: 5px; white-space: nowrap;">February 18</span><span class="pb-bolt" style="box-sizing: border-box;"></span></div>
<article class="paywall" itemprop="articleBody" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-family: FranklinITCProLight, HelveticaNeue, "Helvetica Neue Light", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, "Lucida Grande", sans-serif; font-size: 14px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
<span class="dateline" style="box-sizing: border-box;">RIO DE JANEIRO —</span> With cases of yellow fever multiplying in Brazil, Paula Muniz, a 42-year-old accountant, was considering whether to get vaccinated. Then she saw a viral Facebook post about a teenage girl’s supposedly fatal reaction after receiving the vaccine, and she decided it was a firm no for her, her 14-year-old son and her husband.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
“I’m very afraid of that vaccine. I don’t trust it,” said Muniz, who lives in Sao Paulo. “I got scared when I saw the post and thought, ‘Thank God my family hasn’t taken it yet.’ Now we’re not going to.”</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
Brazil is suffering one of its worst outbreaks of yellow fever, a potentially lethal mosquito-borne virus. The <a href="http://www.who.int/csr/don/22-january-2018-yellow-fever-brazil/en/" shape="rect" style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(213, 213, 213); box-sizing: border-box; color: #1955a5; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; text-decoration-line: none; zoom: 1;">surge of cases </a>comes after the country suffered an epidemic of Zika, another insect-borne virus that <a href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/zika-crisis-brazil/article36142168/" shape="rect" style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(213, 213, 213); box-sizing: border-box; color: #1955a5; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; text-decoration-line: none; zoom: 1;">caused severe birth defects </a>in hundreds of babies in 2015 and 2016.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
The yellow fever outbreak started at the end of 2016. The number of cases dropped during the Brazilian winter, when mosquitoes are less plentiful, but has surged at alarming speed since the beginning of this year in the country’s southeast. So far, the virus is being carried only by rural-dwelling mosquitoes, but cases are appearing dangerously close to three of the country’s largest metropolitan areas — Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Belo Horizonte.</div>
<wp-ad aria-hidden="true" class="wp-inline-bb pb-centered-bb" data-json="{"targeting":{"pos":"inline_bb","ctr":["zeus","zeus_inline_bb"]},"categoryExclusions":[]}" data-size="[[300,250],"fluid",[620,250]]" data-slot="world/article" id="slug_inline_bb" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: block; margin: 15px auto;"></wp-ad><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
Sao Paulo state, home to 45 million people, has experienced the most dramatic increase. In 2017, the state had 53 cases and 16 deaths, but in just the first six weeks of 2018, it logged 133 cases and 49 deaths. In Rio state, 27 cases and nine deaths were registered last year, and 47 cases and 21 deaths occurred in January alone this year.</div>
<div class="inline-content inline-photo-left" style="border: 0px none !important; box-sizing: border-box; clear: left; float: left; margin: 0.7em 20px 10px 0px !important; max-width: 100%; padding: 12px 0px; position: relative; width: 300px;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="4c04ce3d95e8004752a3a395c77a765be021a033" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit;"></a><img alt="" class="lo-res-nosize courtesy-of-the-lazy-loader" data-hi-res-src="https://img.washingtonpost.com/rf/image_1024w/2010-2019/WashingtonPost/2018/02/17/Foreign/Images/brazilfever001.jpg?uuid=iUSrtg2rEeiZjJbesYzKGQ" data-low-res-src="https://img.washingtonpost.com/rf/image_480w/2010-2019/WashingtonPost/2018/02/17/Foreign/Images/brazilfever001.jpg?uuid=iUSrtg2rEeiZjJbesYzKGQ" data-raw-src="https://img.washingtonpost.com/rw/2010-2019/WashingtonPost/2018/02/17/Foreign/Images/brazilfever001.jpg?uuid=iUSrtg2rEeiZjJbesYzKGQ" src="https://img.washingtonpost.com/rf/image_480w/2010-2019/WashingtonPost/2018/02/17/Foreign/Images/brazilfever001.jpg?uuid=iUSrtg2rEeiZjJbesYzKGQ" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; max-width: 100%; width: auto;" /><span class="pb-caption" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #6e6e6e; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: 1.25em;">People wait in a long line to receive the yellow fever vaccine in Sao Paulo. (Miguel Schincariol/AFP/Getty Images)</span></div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
The escalation has prompted a chaotic <a href="http://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=14065%3Abrazil-launches-worlds-largest-campaign-with-fractional-dose-yellow-fever-vaccine&catid=1443%3Aweb-bulletins&Itemid=135&lang=en" shape="rect" style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(213, 213, 213); box-sizing: border-box; color: #1955a5; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; text-decoration-line: none; zoom: 1;">rush to vaccinate </a>tens of millions of people through the public health system. Officials are administering partial doses of the medication, to stretch the supply, while still protecting patients for eight to 10 years. But even as the vaccination campaign expands, so does an anti-vaccine movement fueled by Internet rumors.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
“We’re seeing fake news about yellow fever spread at an alarming rate on social networks,” said Igor Sacramento, a health communication researcher at Fiocruz, one of Brazil’s largest scientific institutes.</div>
<div channel="wp.com" class="interstitial-link" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
<i style="box-sizing: border-box;">[<a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/sf/world/2018/01/05/this-trendy-rio-favela-appeared-in-a-hollywood-kids-movie-now-the-bullets-are-back/?utm_term=.43b236ec5b6e" shape="rect" style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(213, 213, 213); box-sizing: border-box; color: #1955a5; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; text-decoration-line: none; zoom: 1;">A once-trendy Rio slum is now ‘at war’</a>]</i></div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
While millions of people have camped out overnight and stood in lines that wrapped around the block to get vaccines in recent weeks in Sao Paulo and Rio, some Brazilians are opting out.</div>
<wp-ad aria-hidden="true" class="wp-inline-bb pb-centered-bb" data-json="{"targeting":{"pos":"inline_bb_2","ctr":["zeus","zeus_inline_bb_2"]},"categoryExclusions":[]}" data-size="[[300,250],"fluid",[620,250]]" data-slot="world/article" id="slug_inline_bb_2" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: block; margin: 15px auto;"></wp-ad><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
The Facebook post that alarmed Muniz was shared more than 300,000 times and was accompanied by dozens of comments from people saying they would not receive the vaccine.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
But the account of the teenager dying from side effects of the vaccine was false. Officials from the town where the young woman lived confirmed that she had died but said that the cause of death was bacterial pneumonia, not the vaccine.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
The yellow-fever vaccine has been used for decades, and side effects are generally mild and include headaches and low-grade fevers. There have been reports of rare cases, however, in which people have life-threatening <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/yellowfever/vaccine/index.html" shape="rect" style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(213, 213, 213); box-sizing: border-box; color: #1955a5; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; text-decoration-line: none; zoom: 1;">allergic reactions </a>or develop diseases affecting the nervous system and internal organs. Five deaths were caused by the vaccine in Brazil last year, according to the Health Ministry.</div>
<div class="inline-content inline-photo-left" style="border: 0px none !important; box-sizing: border-box; clear: left; float: left; margin: 0.7em 20px 10px 0px !important; max-width: 100%; padding: 12px 0px; position: relative; width: 300px;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="7c2bb4d41612a97cfaaf15f9c5f1486de9a0a072" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: inherit;"></a><img alt="" class="lo-res-nosize courtesy-of-the-lazy-loader" data-hi-res-src="https://img.washingtonpost.com/rf/image_1024w/2010-2019/WashingtonPost/2018/02/09/Foreign/Images/2018-02-02T155439Z_1489567418_RC1930A71980_RTRMADP_3_BRAZIL-HEALTH-YELLOW.jpg?uuid=11BalA2rEeiLDYkWAiBvtw" data-low-res-src="https://img.washingtonpost.com/rf/image_480w/2010-2019/WashingtonPost/2018/02/09/Foreign/Images/2018-02-02T155439Z_1489567418_RC1930A71980_RTRMADP_3_BRAZIL-HEALTH-YELLOW.jpg?uuid=11BalA2rEeiLDYkWAiBvtw" data-raw-src="https://img.washingtonpost.com/rw/2010-2019/WashingtonPost/2018/02/09/Foreign/Images/2018-02-02T155439Z_1489567418_RC1930A71980_RTRMADP_3_BRAZIL-HEALTH-YELLOW.jpg?uuid=11BalA2rEeiLDYkWAiBvtw" src="https://img.washingtonpost.com/rf/image_480w/2010-2019/WashingtonPost/2018/02/09/Foreign/Images/2018-02-02T155439Z_1489567418_RC1930A71980_RTRMADP_3_BRAZIL-HEALTH-YELLOW.jpg?uuid=11BalA2rEeiLDYkWAiBvtw" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; max-width: 100%; width: auto;" /><span class="pb-caption" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #6e6e6e; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: 1.25em;">A health agent vaccinates a child on the street in a neighborhood where the risk of infection is high during an emergency campaign against yellow fever in Sao Paulo. (Paulo Whitaker/Reuters)</span></div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
“One in a million people have side effects from this vaccine. That means there will be bad reactions if we’re vaccinating millions of people at the same time,” said Carla Domingues, the coordinator of the federal government’s National Immunization Program.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
Facebook groups have become forums where mothers and other worried Brazilians seek information and exchange tales about yellow fever and vaccines. A group called “The Dark Side of Vaccines” has nearly 10,000 members and refers to American anti-vaccination sites such as LearnTheRisk.org and NaturalNews.com as well as translating posts from U.S.-based Facebook groups like Vaccine Resistance Movement.</div>
<wp-ad aria-hidden="true" class="wp-inline-bb pb-centered-bb" data-json="{"targeting":{"pos":"inline_bb_3","ctr":["zeus","zeus_inline_bb_3"]},"categoryExclusions":[]}" data-size="[[300,250],"fluid",[620,250]]" data-slot="world/article" id="slug_inline_bb_3" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: block; margin: 15px auto;"></wp-ad><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
Sacramento, the researcher, said the anti-vaccine movement is growing in Brazil, but is still less articulated and political than in the United States or Europe.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
“This movement is very dangerous,” said Pedro Tauil, an epidemiologist and professor emeritus at the University of Brasilia. “We need to show people that vaccination is the best prevention — because it’s not just about individual protection, it’s also about preventing the virus from spreading to a full-blown epidemic.”</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
Domingues, the federal official, said the phony Internet rumors are “a new thing we have to learn to deal with and combat.” However, she said, she is not concerned about fake news affecting the number of people getting vaccinated, citing the long lines that have formed during the vaccination campaign.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
The reach of social-media posts in this country of over 200 million <a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/ciocentral/2013/09/12/the-future-of-social-media-forget-about-the-u-s-look-to-brazil/#97a65393c9a4" shape="rect" style="border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(213, 213, 213); box-sizing: border-box; color: #1955a5; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; text-decoration-line: none; zoom: 1;">can be staggering</a>. A Facebook account listed as belonging to a Christian nonprofit organization posted a video, which was viewed 4.5 million times, showing a tearful woman detailing what she called her son’s near-fatal allergic reaction to the yellow fever vaccine.</div>
<wp-ad aria-hidden="true" class="wp-inline-bb pb-centered-bb" data-json="{"targeting":{"pos":"inline_bb_4","ctr":["zeus","zeus_inline_bb_4"]},"categoryExclusions":[]}" data-size="[[300,250],"fluid",[620,250]]" data-slot="world/article" id="slug_inline_bb_4" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: block; margin: 15px auto;"></wp-ad><div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
“We need to understand if all these people are dying because they actually had yellow fever, or if it’s because of a reaction” to the vaccine, she says. The text accompanying the post says, “Vaccines kill . . . share this so that people become aware that their biggest enemy is not an animal, but actually is the state itself, driven by powerful, hidden forces.”</div>
<div class="moat-trackable pb-f-theme-normal pb-f-dehydrate-false pb-f-async-true pb-feature pb-layout-item pb-f-page-newsletter-inLine injected-by-front-end" data-chain-name="no-name" data-feature-id="page/newsletter-inLine" data-feature-name="no-name" data-pb-fingerprint="0fqwG5HnQpQ" id="fidaqd1t2LnzJq" moat-id="page/newsletter-inLine|world" style="animation: fadein 2s; box-sizing: border-box; float: none; margin-bottom: 18px; padding: 0px !important; position: relative;">
<div class=" border-bottom- nl-top-hairline" style="box-sizing: border-box;">
<div class="newsletter-inline-unit codedNewsletter" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: -10px 0px; overflow: hidden;">
<div class="signup-module row inline-newsletter" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: -10px;">
<br /></div>
<div class="clear" style="box-sizing: border-box; clear: both;">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
WhatsApp, the country’s most popular messaging app, has also been used to convey fake information. In January, an audio message circulated on WhatsApp with an unidentified woman claiming to be a doctor at a well-known laboratory warning that the yellow-fever vaccine is dangerous.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
A rumor has also made the rounds on WhatsApp claiming that drinking a blend of fruits and vegetables every day immunizes people against yellow fever. “The vaccine is not safe. Share this recipe so that more people will be immunized from yellow fever,” the message says.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
Muniz said she and her family have received vaccines before. But access to social media changed her calculations. “Maybe I would have taken this one if I didn’t have Facebook and WhatsApp,” she said.</div>
<div style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.8em; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%;">
<a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/brazil-battles-yellow-fever--and-a-dangerous-anti-vaccination-campaign/2018/02/17/fccb9528-0d1e-11e8-998c-96deb18cca19_story.html?utm_term=.059e9c0c0d93" target="_blank">Source</a></div>
</article></div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-64650448582932629052017-12-15T05:33:00.000-08:002017-12-15T05:33:26.385-08:00Yellow fever ALERT: Fears deadly disease could spread after OUTBREAK at tourist hotspot of Sao Paulo, Brazil<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
<section class="text-description pullquote-left" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; overflow: hidden;"><div style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 20px;">
A tourist hotspot, <a href="https://www.dailystar.co.uk/travel/travel-news/540374/Cheap-holidays-Brazil-Rio-flights" style="color: #9f021e; text-decoration-line: none;">favoured by Brits for its winter sun</a>, could be about to be hit by a yellow fever “epidemic”.</div>
<div style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 20px;">
So far, at least 14 people have come down with yellow fever symptoms in the Brazilian capital of Sao Paulo.</div>
<div style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 20px;">
The disease, spread through mosquitoes, has also wiped out 12 of the city’s monkeys, which is believed to be the cause of the outbreak.</div>
<div style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; margin-bottom: 20px;">
<a href="https://www.dailystar.co.uk/news/world-news/658706/yellow-fever-warning-brazil-sao-paulo-san-pablo-tourists-residents-monkeys-fatal-deadly" target="_blank">Source</a></div>
</section><section class="photo main_photo" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; float: none; font-family: Arial, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 20px; overflow: hidden; position: relative;"><div style="font-size: 1.3rem; line-height: 1.25; overflow: hidden; position: relative;">
<img alt="Yellow fever could strike Brazil again" class="photo kalooga_12952" data-h="413" data-w="620" src="https://cdn.images.dailystar.co.uk/dynamic/204/photos/179000/620x/yellow-fever-658706.jpg" style="border: 0px; display: block; float: none; height: auto; margin: 0px auto; overflow: hidden; position: relative; width: 619.984px;" /><span class="credit new" style="background: url("about:blank") 0px 0px repeat scroll; bottom: 0px; color: white; font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 9px; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 15px; padding: 4px 5px; position: absolute; right: 0px; text-transform: uppercase;">GETTY</span></div>
<span class="caption new" style="background: none; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(206 , 206 , 206); bottom: 0px; color: white; display: block; font-family: "lato" , sans-serif "important"; font-size: 12px; font-stretch: normal; left: 0px; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 7px 0px; position: relative; right: 0px;">ALERT: People in Brazil are going down with yellow fever</span></section></div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-26961672345816932472017-12-15T05:18:00.000-08:002017-12-15T05:18:15.741-08:00Dengue Fever Vaccine Suspension Criticized by Drugmaker Sanofi, Dec 2017<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; margin-bottom: 35px;">
<a href="http://www.who.int/neglected_diseases/vector_ecology/mosquito-borne-diseases/en/" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1674b1; outline-offset: 0px; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;" target="_blank">Mosquito-borne diseases</a> cause millions of deaths each year, says the World Health Organization. So instead of vaccinating people, it may be safer to vaccinate insects. If feasible more than 730,000 children may not have been vaccinated against <a href="http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs117/en/" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1674b1; outline-offset: 0px; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;" target="_parent">Dengue</a> prior to the company releasing data the vaccine could proved to be harmful in some cases.</div>
<div class="placement-para" data-article-paragraph-count-so-far="2" data-article-paragraph-count-total="9" data-article-word-count-so-far="50" data-article-word-count-total="357" data-image-at-index="-1" data-page-paragraph-count-so-far="2" data-page-paragraph-count-total="9" data-page-paragraph-middle="false" data-page-word-count-so-far="50" data-page-word-count-total="357" data-paragraph-word-count-total="21" id="div-placement-para-0.07494490509153184" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; margin-bottom: 35px;">
Now the Philippines wants its money back and Sanofi (<a href="https://www.thestreet.com/quote/SNYNF.html" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1674b1; font-weight: bold; outline-offset: 0px; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;">SNYNF</a>) is saying the government is doing a disservice to the country.</div>
<div class="placement-para" data-article-paragraph-count-so-far="3" data-article-paragraph-count-total="9" data-article-word-count-so-far="71" data-article-word-count-total="357" data-image-at-index="-1" data-page-paragraph-count-so-far="3" data-page-paragraph-count-total="9" data-page-paragraph-middle="false" data-page-word-count-so-far="71" data-page-word-count-total="357" data-paragraph-word-count-total="57" id="div-placement-para-0.529011365920403" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; margin-bottom: 35px;">
<a href="https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/sanofi-urges-philippines-to-lift-dengue-vaccine-suspension-9489468" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1674b1; outline-offset: 0px; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;" target="_blank">Thomas Triomphe, Sanofi Pasteur's head of Asia-Pacific</a>, said at a senate hearing in the capital Manila that stopping the program "would in effect leave 90 percent of the population at the mercy of an epidemic which has been found to be preventable," Triomphe added, referring to health department figures on the number of Filipinos who contract dengue.</div>
<div class="placement-para" data-article-paragraph-count-so-far="4" data-article-paragraph-count-total="9" data-article-word-count-so-far="128" data-article-word-count-total="357" data-image-at-index="-1" data-page-paragraph-count-so-far="4" data-page-paragraph-count-total="9" data-page-paragraph-middle="true" data-page-word-count-so-far="128" data-page-word-count-total="357" data-paragraph-word-count-total="53" id="div-placement-para-0.34442299568185464" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; margin-bottom: 35px;">
The Dengue vaccine was recently administered to 730,000 children and 32,000 hospital patients in the Philippines. The government suspended its vaccination program after a new study conducted by the <a href="http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs117/en/" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1674b1; outline-offset: 0px; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;" target="_blank">drug maker revealed</a> negative results: The vaccine could worsen the disease in people not previously infected, but should be innocuous in people who have previously contracted the virus. </div>
<div class="placement-para" data-article-paragraph-count-so-far="5" data-article-paragraph-count-total="9" data-article-word-count-so-far="181" data-article-word-count-total="357" data-image-at-index="-1" data-page-paragraph-count-so-far="5" data-page-paragraph-count-total="9" data-page-paragraph-middle="false" data-page-word-count-so-far="181" data-page-word-count-total="357" data-paragraph-word-count-total="55" id="div-placement-para-0.9091581414940063" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; margin-bottom: 35px;">
A spokesperson for Philippines President Rodrigo Duterte <a href="https://pcoo.gov.ph/news_releases/palace-doj-starts-dengvaxia-probe-doh-monitor-recipients/" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1674b1; outline-offset: 0px; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;" target="_blank">announced</a> plans to launch a Department of Justice investigation into the "fast-track approval of Dengvaxia by the previous administration," presidential spokesperson Harry Roque, Jr. told the press recently. The Department of Health is also monitoring the recipients of the vaccine while the DOJ investigates "the purchase of this vaccine," Roque, Jr. said.</div>
<div class="placement-para" data-article-paragraph-count-so-far="6" data-article-paragraph-count-total="9" data-article-word-count-so-far="236" data-article-word-count-total="357" data-image-at-index="-1" data-page-paragraph-count-so-far="6" data-page-paragraph-count-total="9" data-page-paragraph-middle="false" data-page-word-count-so-far="236" data-page-word-count-total="357" data-paragraph-word-count-total="35" id="div-placement-para-0.8590816084962376" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; margin-bottom: 35px;">
Dengue causes flu-like symptoms and may develop into a lethal complication, <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/symptoms/index.html" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1674b1; outline-offset: 0px; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; word-wrap: break-word;" target="_blank">called severe dengue</a>. Deaths of three children have been linked to severe dengue, which causes skin spots, black stool and nose bleeds among other things.</div>
<div class="placement-para" data-article-paragraph-count-so-far="7" data-article-paragraph-count-total="9" data-article-word-count-so-far="271" data-article-word-count-total="357" data-image-at-index="-1" data-page-paragraph-count-so-far="7" data-page-paragraph-count-total="9" data-page-paragraph-middle="false" data-page-word-count-so-far="271" data-page-word-count-total="357" data-paragraph-word-count-total="38" id="div-placement-para-0.7606917824374938" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">
</div>
<br />
<div class="placement-para" data-article-paragraph-count-so-far="8" data-article-paragraph-count-total="9" data-article-word-count-so-far="309" data-article-word-count-total="357" data-image-at-index="0" data-page-paragraph-count-so-far="8" data-page-paragraph-count-total="9" data-page-paragraph-middle="false" data-page-word-count-so-far="309" data-page-word-count-total="357" data-paragraph-word-count-total="1" id="div-placement-para-0.5513416481098689" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">
</div>
<br />
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 300; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px 0px 35px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">
Mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti) have long infected humans with world-renowned Zika, yellow fever, dengue and chikungunya viruses, all of which are listed on the WHO's<span> </span><a href="http://www.who.int/neglected_diseases/vector_ecology/mosquito-borne-diseases/en/" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1674b1; font-weight: 500; outline-offset: 0px; outline: 0px; text-decoration: none; word-wrap: break-word;" target="_blank">neglected tropical diseases page</a>. This was the country's largest-scale vaccination program against the Mosquito-borne disease.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 300; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 30px; margin: 0px 0px 35px; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;">
<a href="https://www.thestreet.com/story/14411952/1/dengue-fever-vaccine-suspended-after-730-000-children-are-injected.html" target="_blank">Source</a></div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-12386588364955719462017-12-15T05:15:00.000-08:002017-12-15T05:15:14.827-08:00Mosquito that spreads deadly dengue fever and zika virus discovered on Canary Islands as thousands of Brits head for winter sun, Dec 2017<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="article__content article__content--intro" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #232327; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.25em; margin-bottom: 13px; word-break: break-word;">
THE mosquito that spreads potentially deadly dengue and yellow fever viruses has been discovered in the Canary Islands at the start of its high tourist season.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #232327; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 13px; word-break: break-word;">
Tourists have been warned to be on high alert after Aedes type mosquitoes, which are behind the spread of the painful diseases, were found on the holiday island of Fuerteventura.</div>
<figure class="article__media" style="background-color: #f3f6f7; box-sizing: border-box; color: #232327; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 3px 0px 21px; padding: 0px; width: 620px;"><div class="article__media-img-container open-gallery" data-index="0" style="box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer; position: relative;">
<a href="https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/5141995/mosquito-dengue-fever-zika-canary-islands/#" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #4085cb; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt=" Mosquitoes can spread the potentially deadly dengue and yellow fever (stock image)" class="wp-image-5142011 size-thesun-article-image lazyloaded" data-src="https://www.thesun.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/nintchdbpict000373204267-e1513279851472.jpg?strip=all&w=960" height="2980" src="https://www.thesun.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/nintchdbpict000373204267-e1513279851472.jpg?strip=all&w=960" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%; width: 620px;" width="4950" /></a><div class="article__credit" style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); bottom: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-size: 10px; line-height: 1em; padding: 7px 10px 6px; position: absolute; text-transform: uppercase;">
ALAMY</div>
<div class="article__gallery-count theme__background-color-rgba-80" style="background-color: rgba(64, 133, 203, 0.8); background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml; background-position: 13px center; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: 23px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Roboto Slab", serif; height: 32px; position: absolute; right: 0px;">
<a href="https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/5141995/mosquito-dengue-fever-zika-canary-islands/" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #4085cb; text-decoration-line: none;"><span class="article__gallery-count-value theme__copy-color" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.2em; padding: 4px 14px 4px 40px; width: 65px;">2</span></a></div>
</div>
<figcaption class="article__media-caption" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Roboto Slab", serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.2em; padding: 15px;">Mosquitoes can spread the potentially deadly dengue and yellow fever (stock image)</figcaption></figure><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #232327; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 13px; word-break: break-word;">
A small pocket of the mosquitoes, which in 2005 were blamed for 30 cases of dengue fever on Cristiano Ronaldo’s native island of Madeira, were detected on a private estate called Las Granadas near to Fuenteventura Hospital in the island capital Puerto del Rosario.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #232327; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 13px; word-break: break-word;">
Confirming the discovery, the Canary Islands regional health authority said they were already organising an initial intervention, saying: "A large number of traps (are) being set and surveys taking place in houses near to the area where the mosquito has been detected to determine the spread and the area in which the work to eradicate them needs to be undertaken.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #232327; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 13px; word-break: break-word;">
"Work to locate and inspect possible breeding grounds is also being carried out.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #232327; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 13px; word-break: break-word;">
"All this will give us the vital information we need to proceed to the quick and effective eradication of the mosquito."</div>
<figure class="article__media" style="background-color: #f3f6f7; box-sizing: border-box; color: #232327; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 3px 0px 21px; padding: 0px; width: 620px;"><div class="article__media-img-container open-gallery" data-index="1" style="box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer; position: relative;">
<a href="https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/5141995/mosquito-dengue-fever-zika-canary-islands/#" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #4085cb; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt=" A computer artwork version of yellow fever virus, which can be spread by mosquitoes" class="size-thesun-article-image wp-image-5142016 lazyloaded" data-src="https://www.thesun.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/nintchdbpict000373204270.jpg?strip=all&w=960" height="4180" src="https://www.thesun.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/nintchdbpict000373204270.jpg?strip=all&w=960" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; max-width: 100%; width: 620px;" width="4180" /></a><div class="article__credit" style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); bottom: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-size: 10px; line-height: 1em; padding: 7px 10px 6px; position: absolute; text-transform: uppercase;">
GETTY - CONTRIBUTOR</div>
<div class="article__gallery-count theme__background-color-rgba-80" style="background-color: rgba(64, 133, 203, 0.8); background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml; background-position: 13px center; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: 23px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Roboto Slab", serif; height: 32px; position: absolute; right: 0px;">
<a href="https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/5141995/mosquito-dengue-fever-zika-canary-islands/" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #4085cb; text-decoration-line: none;"><span class="article__gallery-count-value theme__copy-color" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.2em; padding: 4px 14px 4px 40px; width: 65px;">2</span></a></div>
</div>
<figcaption class="article__media-caption" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Roboto Slab", serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.2em; padding: 15px;">A computer artwork version of yellow fever virus, which can be spread by mosquitoes</figcaption></figure><div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #232327; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 13px; word-break: break-word;">
While downplaying the presence of the mosquito leading to an outbreak of dengue, <a href="https://www.thesun.co.uk/living/1503597/zika-virus-symptoms-treatment-travel-advice/" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #4085cb; text-decoration-line: none;">Zika</a>or yellow fever, they asked members of the public to flag when they spotted a "suspicious" mosquito.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #232327; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 13px; word-break: break-word;">
The Aedes aegypti has white markings on its legs and a marking in the form of a lyre on the upper surface of its thorax.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #232327; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 13px; word-break: break-word;">
The mosquito originated in Africa but is now found in tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #232327; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 13px; word-break: break-word;">
Only the female bites for blood which she needs to mature her eggs. Dengue causes high fever, severe headaches and joint pain.</div>
<div class="sun-row " style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #232327; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 980px; padding: 0px;">
<div class="col sun-col-6" style="box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; width: 620px;">
<div class="rail rail--classic rail--trending undefined theme-news" data-slide-count-tablet="4" data-slide-count="4" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;">
<div class="swiper-container swiper-container-horizontal" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px auto 20px; overflow: hidden; position: relative; z-index: 1;">
<div class="rail__header" style="box-sizing: border-box; height: 35px; position: relative;">
<a href="https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/5141995/mosquito-dengue-fever-zika-canary-islands/" target="_blank">Source</a></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-88727552158912447412017-12-15T04:09:00.002-08:002017-12-15T04:09:28.950-08:00Agency to conduct vaccination campaign in 3 states of Nigeria<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<h3 align="justify" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 19px; vertical-align: baseline;">
The National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA) says it will conduct yellow fever vaccination campaign in Kogi, Kwara and Zamfara states, to stem the spread of the disease.</h3>
<div align="justify" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 17px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px none; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Dr Faisal Shuaib</strong>, Executive Director of NPHCDA disclosed this in an interview with the News Agency of Nigeria on Sunday in Abuja.</div>
<div align="justify" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 17px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
He said the vaccination campaign became imperative due to cases of yellow fever confirmed few weeks ago in Kogi and Kwara state.</div>
<div align="justify" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 17px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
He said that Agency in collaboration with Nigeria Centre for Disease Control mounted the yellow fever response initiative.</div>
<div align="justify" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 17px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
“The vaccination campaign is to ensure that children that are vulnerable to the disease are aware and get vaccinated in those states,” he said.</div>
<div align="justify" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 17px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
In a related development, Shuaib said the agency would no longer accept false data of vaccination reaching all Nigerian children.</div>
<div align="justify" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 17px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
He said that the 2016/2017 Multi Indicator Cluster Survey and National Immunisation Coverage survey was an eye opener to the agency.</div>
<div align="justify" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 17px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
He explained further that most of the key players in the health sector had suspected that the Agency was not reaching Nigerian children with the vaccines, as the administrative coverage data suggested.</div>
<div align="justify" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 17px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
“<em style="background: transparent; border: 0px none; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">What the coverage survey told us was that the data that we relied on in the past few years was not accurate data.</em></div>
<div align="justify" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 17px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<em style="background: transparent; border: 0px none; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">“We have health workers from the facilities level falsifying data; given the impression that we are doing well and in the actual fact, we have not been doing very well in the past.</em></div>
<div align="justify" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 17px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<em style="background: transparent; border: 0px none; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">“We accept that we are doing a good job but with low coverage; we have a platform and foundation to build a more sustainable and efficient immunisation system.</em></div>
<div align="justify" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 17px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<em style="background: transparent; border: 0px none; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">“This government has made it very clear that health is a priority; NPHCDA has also declared the state of public health concern around the number of children that were vaccinated.”</em></div>
<div align="justify" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 17px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
Shuaib said that no fewer than a million children in Nigeria were yet to be reached with the vaccine they ought to have received before now.</div>
<div align="justify" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 17px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
He said the agency has setup the national routine immunisation coordination centre as an engine room to ensure better coordination for routine immunisation activities nationwide.</div>
<div align="justify" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 17px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
Shuaib further assured that the agency has adopted a zero tolerance to data falsification.</div>
<div align="justify" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px none; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 17px; vertical-align: baseline; word-wrap: break-word;">
<a href="http://www.pulse.ng/news/local/yellow-fever-vaccination-campaign-to-go-in-3-states-id7709840.html" target="_blank">Source</a></div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-51839870951311743522017-11-28T22:55:00.001-08:002017-11-28T22:55:29.746-08:00A Doctor's appeal to the Prime Minister regarding violence against...<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="270" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/CdIFCNUncBY" width="480"></iframe>Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-62394543356581424582017-11-24T04:39:00.000-08:002017-11-24T04:39:12.442-08:00Yellow fever – Brazil Disease outbreak news 24 November 2017, WHO<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-right: 20px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Between July and mid-October 2017, a total of 71 suspected yellow fever cases were reported in São Paulo State, Brazil. Of these, two were confirmed, six are under investigation, and 63 were ruled out. The two confirmed cases (one of which was fatal) were reported from Itatiba from 17 September through 7 October 2017.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-right: 20px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">From July to early November, 580 epizootics in non-human primates (NHPs) were reported in São Paulo State, with an increase in the number of cases reported from 10 September 2017. Of these, 120 were confirmed for yellow fever, 233 are under investigation, 74 were classified as undetermined, and 153 were ruled out. The highest number of epizootics was registered in the health surveillance area of Campinas, where epizootic episodes were reported for the first time in the municipalities of Campo Limpo Paulista (in the week ending 23 September 2017), Atibaia (in the week ending 30 September 2017), and Jarinu (in the week ending 14 October 2017). Epizootics in NHPs were also recently reported in large parks located within the urban area of São Paulo City (in the week ending 14 October 2017).</span></div>
<h3 class="section_head1" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px 20px 9px 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Public health response</h3>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-right: 20px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The detection of two confirmed yellow fever human cases and epizootics in the state of São Paulo, as well as confirmed yellow fever epizootics in the urban area of São Paulo City, prompted national authorities to begin vaccination campaigns in areas previously considered not at risk for yellow fever transmission. In addition, state and municipality health authorities are strengthening health care services and carrying out risk communication activities.</span></div>
<h3 class="section_head1" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px 20px 9px 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
WHO risk assessment</h3>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-right: 20px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">These are the first human cases of yellow fever that have been reported in Brazil since June 2017. These cases, alongside the occurrence of epizootics in the urban area of São Paulo City and in municipalities that were previously considered not at risk for yellow fever, are a public health concern. Although Brazilian health authorities have swiftly implemented a series of public health measures in response to this event, including mass vaccination campaigns, it may take some time to reach optimal coverage in these areas given the large number of susceptible individuals. Currently, the number of unvaccinated people in São Paulo City remains high at around 10 million. If yellow fever transmission continues to spread to areas that were previously considered not at risk for yellow fever, ensuring the availability of vaccine and implementing control measures would pose significant challenges.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-right: 20px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">To date, there has been no evidence of transmission by Aedes aegypti in relation to this outbreak in Brazil which began in 2016. Although entomological studies conducted in selected municipalities of São Paulo revealed low levels of Ae. aegypti and Aedes albopictus infestation (pupa index range: 0% – 3.1%), the risk of sustained arbovirus transmission is ever present.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-right: 20px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The risk of spread at the regional level is considered to be low given the high vaccination coverage in neighbouring countries; however, the detection of a human case of yellow fever in Oiapoque, the border river between French Guiana and Brazil in August 2017 by French health authorities indicates that the risk of regional spread exists. The risk at the global level is considered to be low and limited only to unvaccinated travellers returning from affected areas. Travelers who return home while infected with yellow fever virus may increase the risk of establishing local cycles of yellow fever transmission in areas where the competent vector is present.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-right: 20px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">WHO continues to monitor the epidemiological situation and assess the risk according to the latest available information.</span></div>
<h3 class="section_head1" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px 20px 9px 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
WHO advice</h3>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-right: 20px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Advice to travellers planning to visit areas at risk for yellow fever transmission in Brazil includes receiving yellow fever vaccine at least 10 days prior to traveling, following measures to avoid mosquito bites, and being aware of yellow fever symptoms and signs. WHO continues to promote health seeking behaviour when travelers are in and when they have returned from an area at risk for yellow fever transmission.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-right: 20px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">As per Annex 7 of the International Health Regulations (2005), a single dose of yellow fever vaccine is sufficient to confer sustained immunity and life-long protection against yellow fever disease. Booster doses of yellow fever vaccine are not needed. If, on medical grounds, a traveler cannot be vaccinated against yellow fever, this must be certified by the relevant authorities as per Annex 6 and Annex 7 of the International Health Regulations (2005).</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-right: 20px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The WHO Secretariat does not recommend any restrictions on travel or trade with/to Brazil according to the information currently available for this event.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-right: 20px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="http://www.who.int/csr/don/24-november-2017-yellow-fever-brazil/en/" target="_blank">Source</a></span></div>
</div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8488886627521992957.post-65891885844195998582017-11-10T04:49:00.004-08:002017-11-10T04:49:55.028-08:00Ongoing surveillance and vaccination are key to prevent yellow fever outbreak in humans<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<header class="content-head" style="background-color: white; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 7px;"><h5 class="data" style="font-weight: 400; line-height: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 7px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">November 6, 2017</span></h5>
</header><section class="content-holder content-table content-story" style="background-color: white; display: table; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 12.544px; margin: 0px; padding: 12px 0px 0px; width: 977px;"><section class="news-content" style="display: table-cell; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: top;"><section class="content article-block" style="line-height: 1.4; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 550px; min-width: 550px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; width: 550px;"><article style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><div class="first-block" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<div style="line-height: 1.4; padding: 0px 0px 17px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">A combination of continuous monitoring of mosquitoes and non-human primate deaths, along with laboratory tests and increased vaccination, is crucial to prevent human cases of yellow fever in places where the virus is transmitted. Findings from a brief research report are published in <i style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Annals of Internal Medicine</i>.</span></div>
</div>
<div class="article-banner first-banner" style="float: left; margin: 0px 0px 0px -50px; padding: 0px 10px 17px 0px; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 1.4; padding: 0px 0px 17px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">Yellow fever is a virus found in South America and Africa that is transmitted by <a class="textTag" href="https://medicalxpress.com/tags/infected+mosquitoes/" rel="tag" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted rgb(49, 61, 87); color: #313d57; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">infected mosquitoes</a>. Transmission typically occurs in wild animals, but occasionally spills over to humans entering forest regions. Still, urban transmission is rare, mainly due to vaccination. Recently, concerns about reemergence of urban yellow fever have grown because of the reappearance and rapid spread of A aegypti (a type of mosquito that may carry yellow fever) in the urban environment. Further, immunization coverage for yellow fever is insufficient because it is usually administered to high-risk populations.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 1.4; padding: 0px 0px 17px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">Researchers from the Instituto Goncalo Moniz studied the 2017 epizootic outbreak (outbreak within animals) of yellow fever in Salvador, Brazil to determine the risk for human disease. The researchers studied the temporal and spatial distribution of the yellow fever virus outbreak affecting non-human primates (small monkeys) in Salvador, by geocoding the places where the monkeys were found dead. They also collected mosquitoes at such places to investigate potential vectors. The authors found that cases of yellow fever in <a class="textTag" href="https://medicalxpress.com/tags/non-human+primates/" rel="tag" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted rgb(49, 61, 87); color: #313d57; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">non-human primates</a> in densely urbanized areas posed a considerable risk for disease resurgence in humans because of the high prevalence of the A aegypti and A albopictus mosquitoes. Salvador has long been an epicenter of dengue transmission and more recently of Zika and chikungunya viruses, all with A aegypti as the main vector.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 1.4; padding: 0px 0px 17px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">The authors conclude that surveillance and increased vaccination, even among those not considered at high risk for infection, could help to prevent human cases of <a class="textTag" href="https://medicalxpress.com/tags/yellow+fever/" rel="tag" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted rgb(49, 61, 87); color: #313d57; outline: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">yellow fever</a> in Brazil.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 1.4; padding: 0px 0px 17px; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2017-11-ongoing-surveillance-vaccination-key-yellow.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">Source</span></a></div>
</article></section></section></section></div>
Dr. Gaurav Gupta M.D.http://www.blogger.com/profile/03061086586152947002noreply@blogger.com0